塔特语 (高加索)
| 塔特语 | |
|---|---|
| zuhun tati | |
| 母语国家和地区 | 阿塞拜疆、达吉斯坦(俄罗斯) |
| 区域 | 北高加索、南高加索 |
| 族群 | 高加索塔蒂人、山地犹太人、阿尔梅诺-塔特人 |
母语使用人数 | 28,000 除外犹太-塔特人（1989 –）[1] |
| 语系 | |
| 文字 | |
| 官方地位 | |
| 作为官方语言 |  达吉斯坦共和国[3] |
| 语言代码 | |
| ISO 639-3 | ttt |
| Glottolog | musl1236[4] |
| 语言瞭望站 | 58-AAC-g |
 | |
塔特语（zuhun tati；Tat language），也称为塔特波斯语、或塔蒂波斯语，[5][6]是伊朗西南部的一种语言，与波斯语接近[7]但不能完全相互理解[8]，并由阿塞拜疆以及俄罗斯的高加索塔蒂人所使用。高加索地区的山地犹太人也使用一种叫做犹太-塔特语的伊朗语言。
塔特语词汇
[编辑]| 英语 | 塔特语 | 扎扎其语 | 北库尔德语 | 波斯语 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| big | kələ | gırd, pil | girs, mezin | bozorg | 大 |
| blood | xun | goni | xwûn, xwîn | xûn | 血液 |
| bread | nun | nan, non | non | nân | 面包 |
| bride | ərüs | veyve | bûk | arus | 新娘 |
| brother | birar | bıra | bra, brat | barâdar | 兄弟 |
| cat | pişik, nazu | pısing | pisîk, kitik | piši, gorbe | 猫 |
| cry | girəstən | bermayen | girîn | geristan | 哭 |
| dark | tarik, tariki | tari | tarî | târîk | 黑暗 |
| day | ruz | roce, roje, roze | roj | ruz | 日子，天 |
| donkey | xər | her | ker | xar | 驴子 |
| egg | xaykərg | hak | hêk | tokhme morg | 蛋 |
| eye | çüm | çım | çav | chashm | 眼睛 |
| father | piyər | pi, pêr | bav, bab | pedar | 父亲 |
| fear (v) | tərsirən | tersayen | tirsîn | tarsidan | 害怕 |
| fire | ataş | adır | agir | âtash | 火 |
| God | Xuda | Homa/Huma/ Oma, Heq |
Xweda, Xudê, Xwedê, Xwādê |
Xodâ, Yazdân | 神、上帝 |
| good | xub, xas, çak | hewl, rınd, weş | baş, rind | xub, beh | 好的 |
| grass | güyo | vaş | gîya, çêre | sabzeh, giyah | 草 |
| house | xunə | keye | xanî | xâne | 屋子 |
| language | zuhun | zıwan, zon | ziman | zabân | 语言 |
| moon | mah | aşme | meh | mâh | 月亮 |
| mother | may, dədə | may, dadî | dayik | mâdar | 母亲 |
| night | şöü | şew | şev | šab | 夜晚 |
| place | cə, cigə | ca | cih, geh | jâh, gâh | 地方 |
注释
[编辑]- ^ 塔特语于《民族语》的链接（第18版，2015年）
- ^ Windfuhr, Gernot. The Iranian Languages. Routledge. 2009. p. 417.
- ^ Constitution of the Republic of Dagestan: Chapter I, Article 11: "The state languages of the Republic of Dagestan are Russian and the languages of the peoples of Dagestan."
- ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (编). Muslim Tat. Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. 2016.
- ^ Gernot Windfuhr, "Persian Grammar: history and state of its study", Walter de Gruyter, 1979. pg 4:""Tat- Persian spoken in the East Caucasus""
- ^ Windfuhr, Genot. Iranian Languages. Routledge. 2013: 417 [2021-09-26]. ISBN 978-1135797041. （原始内容存档于2021-08-20）.
The Northwestern outpost of Persian is Caucasian Tat Persian (...)
- ^ Gruenberg, Alexander. (1966). Tatskij jazyk [The Tat language]. In Vinogradov, V. V. (ed.), Jazyki narodov SSSR. Volume 1: Indoevropejskie jazyki, 281-301
- ^ Authier, Gilles (2012). Grammaire juhuri, ou judéo-tat, langue iranienne des Juifs du Caucase de l'est. Wiesbaden: Reichert
延伸阅读
[编辑]- Donald W. Stilo, “The Tati Language Group in the Sociolinguistic Context of Northwestern Iran an Transcaucasia,” Iranian Studies: Journal of the Society for Iranian Studies (IranS) 14 (1981).
- Gernot L. Windfuhr, “Typological Notes on Pronominal Cases in Iranian Tati,” Bulletin of the Asia Institute 4 (1990).
- Giles Authier, “New Strategies for Relative Clauses in Azeri an Apsheron Tat,” In Clause Linkage in Cross-Linguistic Perspective: Data-Drive Approaches to Cross-Clausal Syntax (Berlin: de Gruyter Mouton 2012).
- John M. Clifton, “Colonialism, Nationalism and Language Vitality in Azerbaijan,” in Responses to Language Endangerment: In honor of Mickey Noonan. New Directions in Language Documentation and Language Revitalization, ed. Elena Mihas, Bernard Perley, Gabriel Rei-Doval, Kathleen Wheatley (Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2013): 201–205.
- John M. Clifton, “Do the Talysh and Tat Languages Have a Future in Azerbaijan?” SIL International & University of North Dakota.
- A.A. Saegehi, “New Words from the Old Language of Arran, Shirvan an Azerbaijan,” Iranian Journal of Linguistics 17.1 (2002) 21–40.
- Abbas Taheri, “Tati Dialect of Takistan,” Iranian Journal of Linguistics 9.2 (1992) 25–39.
参阅
[编辑]外部链接
[编辑]
- Language Map of Azerbaijan （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.
- Endangered Languages Project, Muslim Tat （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
- Tat Numeral System （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
- 100-word Swadesh list collected 2013 in Lahıc village （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
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