硒的同位素
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| 标准原子质量 (Ar, 标准) |
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硒（原子量：78.96(3)）共有39个同位素，其中有5个同位素是稳定的。
图表
[编辑]| 符号 | Z | N | 同位素质量（u） [n 1][n 2] |
半衰期 [n 1][n 2][n 3] |
衰变 方式[3] |
衰变 产物 [n 4] |
原子核 自旋[n 1] |
相对丰度 （莫耳分率）[n 2] |
相对丰度 的变化量 （莫耳分率） |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 激发能量[n 2] | |||||||||
| 65Se | 34 | 31 | 64.96466(64)# | <50 ms | β+ (>99.9%) | 65As | 3/2-# | ||
| β+, p (<.1%) | 64Ge | ||||||||
| 66Se | 34 | 32 | 65.95521(32)# | 33(12) ms | β+ | 66As | 0+ | ||
| 67Se | 34 | 33 | 66.95009(21)# | 133(11) ms | β+ (99.5%) | 67As | 5/2-# | ||
| β+, p (.5%) | 66Ge | ||||||||
| 68Se | 34 | 34 | 67.94180(4) | 35.5(7) s | β+ | 68As | 0+ | ||
| 69Se | 34 | 35 | 68.93956(4) | 27.4(2) s | β+ (99.955%) | 69As | (1/2-) | ||
| β+, p (.045%) | 68Ge | ||||||||
| 69m1Se | 39.4(1) keV | 2.0(2) µs | 5/2- | ||||||
| 69m2Se | 573.9(10) keV | 955(16) ns | 9/2+ | ||||||
| 70Se | 34 | 36 | 69.93339(7) | 41.1(3) min | β+ | 70As | 0+ | ||
| 71Se | 34 | 37 | 70.93224(3) | 4.74(5) min | β+ | 71As | 5/2- | ||
| 71m1Se | 48.79(5) keV | 5.6(7) µs | 1/2- to 9/2- | ||||||
| 71m2Se | 260.48(10) keV | 19.0(5) µs | (9/2)+ | ||||||
| 72Se | 34 | 38 | 71.927112(13) | 8.40(8) d | ε | 72As | 0+ | ||
| 73Se | 34 | 39 | 72.926765(11) | 7.15(8) h | β+ | 73As | 9/2+ | ||
| 73mSe | 25.71(4) keV | 39.8(13) min | IT | 73Se | 3/2- | ||||
| β+ | 73As | ||||||||
| 74Se | 34 | 40 | 73.9224764(18) | 观测上稳定 [n 5] | 0+ | 0.0089(4) | |||
| 75Se | 34 | 41 | 74.9225234(18) | 119.779(4) d | ε | 75As | 5/2+ | ||
| 76Se | 34 | 42 | 75.9192136(18) | 稳定 | 0+ | 0.0937(29) | |||
| 77Se | 34 | 43 | 76.9199140(18) | 稳定 | 1/2- | 0.0763(16) | |||
| 77mSe | 161.9223(7) keV | 17.36(5) s | IT | 77Se | 7/2+ | ||||
| 78Se | 34 | 44 | 77.9173091(18) | 稳定 | 0+ | 0.2377(28) | |||
| 79 Se [n 6] |
34 | 45 | 78.9184991(18) | 3.27(8)×105 y | β− | 79Br | 7/2+ | ||
| 79mSe | 95.77(3) keV | 3.92(1) min | IT (99.944%) | 79Se | 1/2- | ||||
| β− (.056%) | 79Br | ||||||||
| 80 Se |
34 | 46 | 79.9165213(21) | 观测上稳定[n 7] | 0+ | 0.4961(41) | |||
| 81Se | 34 | 47 | 80.9179925(22) | 18.45(12) min | β− | 81Br | 1/2- | ||
| 81mSe | 102.99(6) keV | 57.28(2) min | IT (99.948%) | 81Se | 7/2+ | ||||
| β− (.052%) | 81Br | ||||||||
| 82Se[n 8] | 34 | 48 | 81.9166994(22) | 0.97(5)×1020 y | β−β− | 82Kr | 0+ | 0.0873(22) | |
| 83Se | 34 | 49 | 82.919118(4) | 22.3(3) min | β− | 83Br | 9/2+ | ||
| 83mSe | 228.50(20) keV | 70.1(4) s | β− | 83Br | 1/2- | ||||
| 84Se | 34 | 50 | 83.918462(16) | 3.1(1) min | β− | 84Br | 0+ | ||
| 85Se | 34 | 51 | 84.92225(3) | 31.7(9) s | β− | 85Br | (5/2+)# | ||
| 86Se | 34 | 52 | 85.924272(17) | 15.3(9) s | β− | 86Br | 0+ | ||
| 87Se | 34 | 53 | 86.92852(4) | 5.50(12) s | β− (99.64%) | 87Br | (5/2+)# | ||
| β−, n (.36%) | 86Br | ||||||||
| 88Se | 34 | 54 | 87.93142(5) | 1.53(6) s | β− (99.01%) | 88Br | 0+ | ||
| β−, n (.99%) | 88Br | ||||||||
| 89Se | 34 | 55 | 88.93645(32)# | 0.41(4) s | β− (92.2%) | 89Br | (5/2+)# | ||
| β−, n (7.8%) | 88Br | ||||||||
| 90Se | 34 | 56 | 89.93996(43)# | 300# ms [>300 ns] | β−, n | 89Br | 0+ | ||
| β− | 90Br | ||||||||
| 91Se | 34 | 57 | 90.94596(54)# | 270(50) ms | β− (79%) | 91Br | 1/2+# | ||
| β−, n | 90Br | ||||||||
| 92Se | 34 | 58 | 91.94992(64)# | 100# ms [>300 ns] | β− | 92Br | 0+ | ||
| 93Se | 34 | 59 | 92.95629(86)# | 50# ms [>300 ns] | 1/2+# | ||||
| 94Se | 34 | 60 | 93.96049(86)# | 20# ms [>300 ns] | 0+ | ||||
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 画上#号的数据代表没有经过实验的证明，仅为理论推测。
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 用括号括起来的数据代表不确定性。
- ^ 半衰期超过5亿年的同位素以粗体表示。
- ^ 稳定的衰变产物以粗体表示。
- ^ Believed to decay by β+β+ to 74Ge
- ^ Long-lived fission product
- ^ Believed to decay by β−β− to 80Kr
- ^ Primordial radionuclide
| ← | 同位素列表 | → |
| 砷的同位素 | 硒的同位素 | 溴的同位素 |
参考文献
[编辑]- ^ Azzolini, O.; Beeman, J. W.; Bellini, F.; Beretta, M.; Biassoni, M.; Brofferio, C.; Bucci, C.; Capelli, S.; et al. Measurement of the 2νββ Decay Half-Life of 82Se with the Global CUPID-0 Background Model. Physical Review Letters. 2023-11-29, 131 (22). ISSN 0031-9007. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.222501.
- ^ Meija, Juris; et al. Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2016, 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
- ^ 存档副本. [2015-09-13]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-19）.
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.