銥的同位素
外觀
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標準原子質量 (Ar, 標準) |
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銥(原子量:192.217(2))有兩個天然同位素以及34個放射性同位素。其中,最穩定的放射性同位素是192
Ir
,其半衰期有73.8天,以及其核同質異能素:192m2
Ir
,其半衰期長達241年,其餘同位素半衰期都在1年以下,大部分都少於一日。
圖表[編輯]
符號 | Z | N | 同位素質量(u) [n 1][n 2] |
半衰期 [n 1][n 2] |
衰變 方式[2] |
衰變 產物 [n 3][n 4] |
原子核 自旋[n 1] |
相對豐度 (莫耳分率)[3][n 2] |
相對豐度 的變化量 (莫耳分率)[4] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
激發能量[n 1][n 2] | |||||||||
164Ir | 77 | 87 | 163.99220(44)# | 1# ms | 2−# | ||||
164mIr | 270(110)# keV | 94(27) µs | 9+# | ||||||
165Ir | 77 | 88 | 164.98752(23)# | <1# µs | p | 164Os | 1/2+# | ||
α (不常見) | 161Re | ||||||||
165mIr | 180(50)# keV | 300(60) µs | p (87%) | 164Os | 11/2− | ||||
α (13%) | 161Re | ||||||||
166Ir | 77 | 89 | 165.98582(22)# | 10.5(22) ms | α (93%) | 162Re | (2−) | ||
p (7%) | 165Os | ||||||||
166mIr | 172(6) keV | 15.1(9) ms | α (98.2%) | 162Re | (9+) | ||||
p (1.8%) | 165Os | ||||||||
167Ir | 77 | 90 | 166.981665(20) | 35.2(20) ms | α (48%) | 163Re | 1/2+ | ||
p (32%) | 166Os | ||||||||
β+ (20%) | 167Os | ||||||||
167mIr | 175.3(22) keV | 30.0(6) ms | α (80%) | 163Re | 11/2− | ||||
β+ (20%) | 167Os | ||||||||
p (.4%) | 166Os | ||||||||
168Ir | 77 | 91 | 167.97988(16)# | 161(21) ms | α | 164Re | high | ||
β+ (不常見) | 168Os | ||||||||
168mIr | 50(100)# keV | 125(40) ms | α | 164Re | low | ||||
169Ir | 77 | 92 | 168.976295(28) | 780(360) ms [0.64(+46−24) s] |
α | 165Re | 1/2+# | ||
β+ (不常見) | 169Os | ||||||||
169mIr | 154(24) keV | 308(22) ms | α (72%) | 165Re | 11/2−# | ||||
β+ (28%) | 169Os | ||||||||
170Ir | 77 | 93 | 169.97497(11)# | 910(150) ms [0.87(+18−12) s] |
β+ (64%) | 170Os | low# | ||
α (36%) | 166Re | ||||||||
170mIr | 270(70)# keV | 440(60) ms | high# | ||||||
171Ir | 77 | 94 | 170.97163(4) | 3.6(10) s [3.2(+13−7) s] |
α (58%) | 167Re | 1/2+# | ||
β+ (42%) | 171Os | ||||||||
171mIr | 180(30)# keV | 1.40(10) s | (11/2−) | ||||||
172Ir | 77 | 95 | 171.97046(11)# | 4.4(3) s | β+ (98%) | 172Os | (3+) | ||
α (2%) | 168Re | ||||||||
172mIr | 280(100)# keV | 2.0(1) s | β+ (77%) | 172Os | (7+) | ||||
α (23%) | 168Re | ||||||||
173Ir | 77 | 96 | 172.967502(15) | 9.0(8) s | β+ (93%) | 173Os | (3/2+,5/2+) | ||
α (7%) | 169Re | ||||||||
173mIr | 253(27) keV | 2.20(5) s | β+ (88%) | 173Os | (11/2−) | ||||
α (12%) | 169Re | ||||||||
174Ir | 77 | 97 | 173.966861(30) | 7.9(6) s | β+ (99.5%) | 174Os | (3+) | ||
α (.5%) | 170Re | ||||||||
174mIr | 193(11) keV | 4.9(3) s | β+ (99.53%) | 174Os | (7+) | ||||
α (.47%) | 170Re | ||||||||
175Ir | 77 | 98 | 174.964113(21) | 9(2) s | β+ (99.15%) | 175Os | (5/2−) | ||
α (.85%) | 171Re | ||||||||
176Ir | 77 | 99 | 175.963649(22) | 8.3(6) s | β+ (97.9%) | 176Os | |||
α (2.1%) | 172Re | ||||||||
177Ir | 77 | 100 | 176.961302(21) | 30(2) s | β+ (99.94%) | 177Os | 5/2− | ||
α (.06%) | 173Re | ||||||||
178Ir | 77 | 101 | 177.961082(21) | 12(2) s | β+ | 178Os | |||
179Ir | 77 | 102 | 178.959122(12) | 79(1) s | β+ | 179Os | (5/2)− | ||
180Ir | 77 | 103 | 179.959229(23) | 1.5(1) min | β+ | 180Os | (4,5)(+#) | ||
181Ir | 77 | 104 | 180.957625(28) | 4.90(15) min | β+ | 181Os | (5/2)− | ||
182Ir | 77 | 105 | 181.958076(23) | 15(1) min | β+ | 182Os | (3+) | ||
183Ir | 77 | 106 | 182.956846(27) | 57(4) min | β+ ( 99.95%) | 183Os | 5/2− | ||
α (.05%) | 179Re | ||||||||
184Ir | 77 | 107 | 183.95748(3) | 3.09(3) h | β+ | 184Os | 5− | ||
184m1Ir | 225.65(11) keV | 470(30) µs | 3+ | ||||||
184m2Ir | 328.40(24) keV | 350(90) ns | (7)+ | ||||||
185Ir | 77 | 108 | 184.95670(3) | 14.4(1) h | β+ | 185Os | 5/2− | ||
186Ir | 77 | 109 | 185.957946(18) | 16.64(3) h | β+ | 186Os | 5+ | ||
186mIr | 0.8(4) keV | 1.92(5) h | β+ | 186Os | 2− | ||||
IT (不常見) | 186Ir | ||||||||
187Ir | 77 | 110 | 186.957363(7) | 10.5(3) h | β+ | 187Os | 3/2+ | ||
187m1Ir | 186.15(4) keV | 30.3(6) ms | IT | 187Ir | 9/2− | ||||
187m2Ir | 433.81(9) keV | 152(12) ns | 11/2− | ||||||
188Ir | 77 | 111 | 187.958853(8) | 41.5(5) h | β+ | 188Os | 1− | ||
188mIr | 970(30) keV | 4.2(2) ms | IT | 188Ir | 7+# | ||||
β+ (不常見) | 188Os | ||||||||
189Ir | 77 | 112 | 188.958719(14) | 13.2(1) d | ε | 189Os | 3/2+ | ||
189m1Ir | 372.18(4) keV | 13.3(3) ms | IT | 189Ir | 11/2− | ||||
189m2Ir | 2333.3(4) keV | 3.7(2) ms | (25/2)+ | ||||||
190Ir | 77 | 113 | 189.9605460(18) | 11.78(10) d | β+ | 190Os | 4− | ||
190m1Ir | 26.1(1) keV | 1.120(3) h | IT | 190Ir | (1−) | ||||
190m2Ir | 36.154(25) keV | >2 µs | (4)+ | ||||||
190m3Ir | 376.4(1) keV | 3.087(12) h | (11)− | ||||||
191Ir | 77 | 114 | 190.9605940(18) | 觀測上穩定[n 5] | 3/2+ | 0.373(2) | 0.3723(9) | ||
191m1Ir | 171.24(5) keV | 4.94(3) s | IT | 191Ir | 11/2− | ||||
191m2Ir | 2120(40) keV | 5.5(7) s | |||||||
192Ir | 77 | 115 | 191.9626050(18) | 73.827(13) d | β− (95.24%) | 192Pt | 4+ | ||
ε (4.76%) | 192Os | ||||||||
192m1Ir | 56.720(5) keV | 1.45(5) min | 1− | ||||||
192m2Ir | 168.14(12) keV | 241(9) y | (11−) | ||||||
193Ir | 77 | 116 | 192.9629264(18) | 觀測上穩定[n 6] | 3/2+ | 0.627(2) | 0.6277(9) | ||
193mIr | 80.240(6) keV | 10.53(4) d | IT | 193Ir | 11/2− | ||||
194Ir | 77 | 117 | 193.9650784(18) | 19.28(13) h | β− | 194Pt | 1− | ||
194m1Ir | 147.078(5) keV | 31.85(24) ms | IT | 194Ir | (4+) | ||||
194m2Ir | 370(70) keV | 171(11) d | (10,11)(−#) | ||||||
195Ir | 77 | 118 | 194.9659796(18) | 2.5(2) h | β− | 195Pt | 3/2+ | ||
195mIr | 100(5) keV | 3.8(2) h | β− (95%) | 195Pt | 11/2− | ||||
IT (5%) | 195Ir | ||||||||
196Ir | 77 | 119 | 195.96840(4) | 52(1) s | β− | 196Pt | (0−) | ||
196mIr | 210(40) keV | 1.40(2) h | β− (99.7%) | 196Pt | (10,11−) | ||||
IT | 196Ir | ||||||||
197Ir | 77 | 120 | 196.969653(22) | 5.8(5) min | β− | 197Pt | 3/2+ | ||
197mIr | 115(5) keV | 8.9(3) min | β− (99.75%) | 197Pt | 11/2− | ||||
IT (.25%) | 197Ir | ||||||||
198Ir | 77 | 121 | 197.97228(21)# | 8(1) s | β− | 198Pt | |||
199Ir | 77 | 122 | 198.97380(4) | 20# s | β− | 199Pt | 3/2+# |
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 畫上#號的數據代表沒有經過實驗的証明,僅為理論推測。
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 用括號括起來的數據代表不確定性。
- ^ 穩定的衰變產物以粗體表示。
- ^ 半衰期超過5億年的衰變產物以粗斜體表示。
- ^ Believed to undergo α decay to 187Re
- ^ Believed to undergo α decay to 189Re
← | 同位素列表 | → |
鋨的同位素 | 銥的同位素 | 鉑的同位素 |
參考文獻[編輯]
- ^ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2022-05-04. ISSN 1365-3075. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603 (英語).
- ^ Universal Nuclide Chart. nucleonica. [2015-10-06]. (原始內容存檔於2017-02-19).
- ^ Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 2021, 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
- ^ Standard Atomic Weights: Iridium. CIAAW. [2024-06-04].
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館), Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.
元素與同位素的穩定度 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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