別列津斯基-科斯特利茨-索利斯相變
外觀
別列津斯基-科斯特利茨-索利斯相變(英語:Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless transition,又稱BKT相變;科斯特利茨-索利斯相變及KT相變)是二維XY模型中的一種相變。它是指超過某一臨界溫度時,系統中的渦旋-反渦旋束縛態融化成為不成對的渦旋和反渦旋的相變。這種相變是以凝聚態物理學家瓦季姆·別列津斯基、約翰·科斯特利茨和戴維·索利斯命名的。BKT相變在凝聚態物理學中多個可用XY模型作近似的系統中出現,例如約瑟夫森接面陣列和薄無序超導顆粒膜。這個詞最近還被研究二維超導絕緣體相變的社群應用,用於把庫珀對釘在絕緣區,能夠這樣做是因為超導中的這一相變與BKT相變有相似的地方。
對這種相變的研究使得索利斯和科斯特利茨於2016年與鄧肯·霍爾丹一同獲授諾貝爾物理學獎。
XY模型
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動力學
[編輯]単獨渦旋的能量
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一對渦旋的能量
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參考資料
[編輯]- Березинский, В. Л., Разрушение дальнего порядка в одномерных и двумерных системах с непрерывной группой симметрии I. Классические системы, ЖЭТФ, 1970, 59 (3): 907–920 (俄語). Translation available: Berezinskii, V. L., Destruction of long-range order in one-dimensional and two-dimensional systems having a continuous symmetry group I. Classical systems (pdf), Sov. Phys. JETP, 1971, 32 (3): 493–500 [2016-10-04], Bibcode:1971JETP...32..493B, (原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2019-07-13)
- Березинский, В. Л., Разрушение дальнего порядка в одномерных и двумерных системах с непрерывной группой симметрии II. Квантовые системы, ЖЭТФ, 1971, 61 (3): 1144–1156 (俄語). Translation available: Berezinskii, V. L., Destruction of long-range order in one-dimensional and two-dimensional systems having a continuous symmetry group II. Quantum systems (pdf), Sov. Phys. JETP, 1972, 34 (3): 610–616 [2016-10-04], Bibcode:1972JETP...34..610B, (原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2019-07-13)
- Kosterlitz, J. M.; Thouless, D. J., Ordering, metastability and phase transitions in two-dimensional systems, Journal of Physics C: Solid State Physics, 1973, 6: 1181–1203, Bibcode:1973JPhC....6.1181K, doi:10.1088/0022-3719/6/7/010
- McBryan, O.; Spencer, T., On the decay of correlations in SO(n)-symmetric ferromagnets, Commun. Math. Phys., 1977, 53: 299, Bibcode:1977CMaPh..53..299M, doi:10.1007/BF01609854
- B. I. Halperin, D. R. Nelson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 41, 121 (1978)
- A. P. Young, Phys. Rev. B 19, 1855 (1979)
- Resnick, D.J.; Garland, J.C.; Boyd, J.T.; Shoemaker, S.; Newrock, R.S., Kosterlitz Thouless Transition in Proximity Coupled Superconducting Arrays, Phys. Rev. Lett., 1981, 47: 1542, Bibcode:1981PhRvL..47.1542R, doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.47.1542
- Fröhlich, Jürg; Spencer, Thomas, The Kosterlitz–Thouless transition in two-dimensional abelian spin systems and the Coulomb gas, Comm. Math. Phys., 1981, 81 (4): 527–602, Bibcode:1981CMaPh..81..527F, doi:10.1007/bf01208273
- Z. Hadzibabic; et al, Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless crossover in a trapped atomic gas, Nature, 2006, 41: 1118, Bibcode:2006Natur.441.1118H, arXiv:cond-mat/0605291
, doi:10.1038/nature04851
相關書籍
[編輯]- J.V. Jose, 40 Years of Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless Theory, World Scientific, 2013, ISBN 978-981-4417-65-5
- H. Kleinert, Gauge Fields in Condensed Matter, Vol. I, " SUPERFLOW AND VORTEX LINES", pp. 1–742, World Scientific (Singapore, 1989); Paperback ISBN 9971-5-0210-0 (also available online: Vol. I(頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館). Read pp. 618–688);
- H. Kleinert, Multivalued Fields in Condensed Matter, Electrodynamics, and Gravitation, World Scientific (Singapore, 2008) (also available online: here (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館))
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