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Help:斯洛文尼亚语国际音标

维基百科,自由的百科全书

下列图表展示了國際音標(IPA)在维基百科条目中表示斯洛文尼亚语发音的方式。对于有关在维基百科条目中添加IPA字符的指南,请参见{{IPA-lb}}与Wikipedia:格式手册/音标 § See also.

请参阅斯洛文尼亚语音系以更全面地了解斯洛文尼亚语的发音。

辅音
IPA 示例 英语里的近似发音
b bob bob
d dan done
dz brivec brije[1] heads
ez George
f film film
ɡ gora gore
ɣ vrh drevesa[1] Spanish rasgo
j jaz[2] yaw
k kolo cola
l luka[2] Luke
m morje, Istanbul[3] more
ɱ simfonija, informacija[3] comfort
n ne[3][2] no
ŋ banka[3] bank
p pet pet
ɾ robot batter (American English)
s stol stole
ʃ šum shell
t ti tattoo
ts car shorts
čaj church
v filozof Dolar[1] van
ʋ voda
w cerkev[4] we
x harfa (Scottish) loch
z zima zoo
ʒ žaba fusion
元音聲調组合[5]
低调元音
IPA 重读正写法 音调正写

[6][7]

示例 英语里的近似发音
àː á danes father
ɛ̀ː ê é zemlja British square
èː é ẹ́ cerkev late
ə̀ è ə̀ sem (stressed) about
ə̀ɾ ŕ vrba US: verb (trilled)
ìː í hiša least
ɔ̀ː ô ó poten dog
òː ó ọ́ erotičen story
ùː ú truplo scoop
高调元音
á à ȁ brat strut
áː á ȃ grad father
ɛ́ è ȅ met let
ɛ́ː ê ȇ adverb British square
éː é ẹ̑ kreda late
ə́ è ə̏ pes about
ə́ɾ ŕ ȓ tržnica US: verb (trilled)
í ì ȉ bik list
íː í ȋ list least
ɔ́ ò ȍ on off
ɔ́ː ô ȏ alkova dog
óː ó ọ̑ pot story
ú ù ȕ kruh foot
úː ú ȗ romunščina scoop
ý ǜ ü̏ Türk[8] Somewhat like cute
非重读元音
a a žena father (shorter)
ɛ e e medved let
ə ə danes about
əɾ er, r ər, r koder, potrditi US: verb (trilled)
i i biti list
ɔ o potok lot
u u mamut foot
重读[7]
IPA 重读正写法 音调正写法 示例 解释
ˈ [ˈsə̀m] 主重音

Notes

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 [dz, ɣ, v] are allophones of /ts, x, f/ that occur before voiced consonants (Herrity (2000:16頁)).
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Orthographic sequences lj, nj, rj are pronounced /lj, nj, rj/ only if a vowel follows; otherwise, the /j/ is not pronounced. For rj, it is reflected in the orthography, but for lj, nj it is not.
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Nasals always assimilate their place of articulation to that of the following consonant. Before velar consonants they are [ŋ], and before labial consonants they are [m]; the labiodental [ɱ] appears before /f/ and /ʋ/. Orthographic n before p and b is rare and is confined mostly to loanwords.
  4. ^ In Standard Slovene, [w] is an allophone of /v/ (also /l/ in some cases) before consonants and pauses (Šuštaršič, Komar & Petek (1999:136頁)).
  5. ^ Some scholars have found that vowel length in Standard Slovene is no longer distinctive, (Šuštaršič, Komar & Petek (1999:136頁), Tatjana Srebot-Rejec. On the vowel system in present-day Slovene (PDF). , Srebot-Rejec (1988)) and the only differences in vowel length are that the stressed vowels are longer than the unstressed ones,(Tatjana Srebot-Rejec. On the vowel system in present-day Slovene (PDF). , Šuštaršič, Komar & Petek (1999:137頁)) with stressed open syllables longer than stressed closed syllables (Tatjana Srebot-Rejec. On the vowel system in present-day Slovene (PDF). ).
  6. ^ Tonic marks are not part of the orthography but are found in dictionaries such as Slovenski pravopis 2001.  Tone marks can also be found on r, which signifies the sequence /ər/.
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 Wherever possible, one should transcribe Slovene with both tonic and stress marks. If the correct tones are unknown, it is acceptable to put only a stress-based transcription.[this is clearly not the current practice as there are only a few transcriptions that indicate tone]
  8. ^ /ý/ appears only in loanwords and is often replaced by /í/.

Sources

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