齿龈边近音

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齒齦邊近音
l
IPA編號 155
編碼
HTML碼（十進制） l
Unicode碼（十六進制） U+006C
X-SAMPA音標 l
ASCII音標（英语：Kirshenbaum） l
IPA盲文（英语：IPA Braille） ⠇ (braille pattern dots-123)
音頻範例
齒齦後邊近音
l̠
齒邊近音
l̪

齒齦邊音（alveolar lateral approximant、dental, alveolar and postalveolar lateral approximants）是輔音的一種，用於一些口語中。齒齦邊音、齒邊音、和齒齦後邊音在國際音標的符號都是⟨l⟩，X-SAMPA音標的符號則是⟨l⟩。

齒齦邊音基本上是一種濁音（濁齒齦邊近音）。清齒齦邊近音[l̥]在藏緬語族很常見，但其他地區極罕見。這一種清齒齦邊近音跟濁齒齦邊近音對立，發音方式差別在於發音的中途。並沒有一種語言以本音跟清齒齦邊擦音 [ɬ]相對立。

特徵[编辑]

齒齦邊音的特徵：

此音見於漢語[编辑]

普通話中有此音，出現在字首，拼音以l表示，即注音符號ㄌ。

粵語中亦有此音，亦是出現在字首。留意許多有懶音的粵語使用者有時無法正確分辨字首的輔音[n]和[l]，當遇上較難讀的[n]時會以[l]取代。


大部分用拉丁字母的語言都是以字母l來代表。如英語中的lip、last；法語的immeuble、anglais等。

此音見於其他語言[编辑]

在韓語中，收尾音'ㄹ'、'ㄴ'緊接之後的子音'ㄹ'，即為該音。例如:한라산(漢拏山)、골라("挑選"的使役語態)。

日語中的r，雖然常被非母語使用者讀成[l]（兩者相差不算遠），但更正確的应为齒齦後邊閃音。

软颚化齿龈边近音[编辑]

主条目：软颚化齿龈边音
軟顎化齒齦邊近音
lˠ
lˤ
ɫ
IPA編號 209
編碼
HTML碼（十進制） l​ˠ
Unicode碼（十六進制） U+006C U+02E0
X-SAMPA音標 5、l_G或l_?\
ASCII音標（英语：Kirshenbaum） l<vzd>
音頻範例

软颚化齿龈边近音是齒齦邊音的一个变体，其国际音标符号[ɫ]也是由相应的齒齦邊音符号[l]中间再加一个波浪线组成。

參考文獻[编辑]

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