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竊盜統治

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竊盜統治,又稱盜賊統治[1][2](英語:KleptocracyKleptarchy)或盜國賊,政治學術語,指在某個政府中,某些統治者或統治階級利用擴張政治權力,侵占全體人民的財產與權利,增加自身的財產及權力。這通常被視為是政治腐敗造成。竊盜統治通常出現在威權主義政府中,特別是獨裁專政寡頭統治以及軍事統治的政府中。

竊盜統治也可以指外来资本渗透进本国政府,从而秘密窃取该国的经济自主权,导致部分人民实质上被外国统治者控制,例如联合果品公司危地马拉控制了经济命脉,被称为香蕉共和国

定義

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竊盜統治(英語:Kleptocracy)源自於希臘文字根,由「盜賊」(希臘語κλέπτηςkleptēs)與「權力」或「統治」(希臘語κράτοςkratos)所合併之詞,字面意思是由一群盜賊來統治人民。

例子

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马来西亚,第六任首相纳吉·阿都拉萨(2009-2018)在卷入一个马来西亚发展有限公司丑闻(1MDB)后被批评为盗贼统治[3][4][5]

美國特朗普第二任政府治下被描述為一個盜賊統治國家。[6][7][8][9]2025年2月,美國司法部長帕姆‧邦迪解散司法部的反盜賊統治部門。[10][11]盜賊統治例子包括:

註釋

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  1. ^ 【民報】這是一個盜賊統治的國家. 民報. 2018-02-28 [2020-06-22]. (原始内容存档于2020-06-23). 
  2. ^ 余杰觀點》習近平和普亭的盜賊統治 - 國際. 新頭殼 Newtalk. 2015-09-29 [2019-09-02]. (原始内容存档于2019-09-02). 
  3. ^ 盗贼统治,是新指控吗?/陈圆凤. www.enanyang.my. 2017-12-08 (中文(简体)). 
  4. ^ 任相九年沦盗贼统治 纳吉内疚吗?. 民主行动党. 2018-10-11 [2023-11-25]. (原始内容存档于2023-11-25) (中文). 
  5. ^ 莫让盗贼治国 死灰复燃. 光华网. 2021-12-11. (原始内容存档于2023-11-25) (中文). 
  6. ^ Cooley, Alexander; Nexon, Daniel. The Age of Kleptocracy. Foreign Affairs 105 (2). 2026-02-17 [2026-05-21]. ISSN 0015-7120 (美国英语). Especially in his second term, Trump has instead wielded U.S. foreign policy principally to increase his own wealth, bolster his status, and personally benefit a small circle of his family members, friends, and loyalists. U.S. foreign policy is now largely subordinate to the private interests of the president and his retainers. 
  7. ^ Vittori, Jodi. Is America a Kleptocracy?. Foreign Policy. 2026-05-27 [2026-05-21] (美国英语). 
  8. ^ Dapena, David Uberti, Juanje Gómez and Kara. The Trump Family Business Empire Is Growing. We Mapped Out 268 Pieces of It.. The Wall Street Journal. 2025-12-18 [2026-05-21] (美国英语). 
  9. ^ Bennett, Brian. 3 Ways Trump’s Wealth Has Soared Since He Returned to Offic. TIME. 2025-12-29 [2026-05-21]. (原始内容存档于2026-05-04) (英语). 
  10. ^ Loeb, Alexis. Bondi’s Dismantling of the Kleptocracy Team Threatens National Security. Lawfare. 2025-03-26 [2026-05-21]. 
  11. ^ Whoriskey, Peter. Disbanded anti-kleptocracy unit had entangled Trump allies. The Washington Post. 2025-03-27 [2026-05-21]. (原始内容存档于2025-04-24) (英语). 
  12. ^ Suderman, Alan. Trump promotes new meme coin before taking office on pro-crypto agenda. Associated Press. 2025-01-19 [2026-05-21] (英语). 
  13. ^ May, Madeleine; Kent, Jo Ling. Trump family's net worth has increased by $2.9 billion thanks to crypto investments, new report says - CBS News. CBS News. 2025-05-02 [2026-05-21] (美国英语). 
  14. ^ Stieb, Matt. Trump Just Got Almost $100 Million Richer Thanks to His Meme Coin. Intelligencer. 2025-07-17 [2026-05-21] (英语). 
  15. ^ Salmon, Felix. Donald Trump is the newest crypto billionaire. Axios. 2025-01-19 [2026-05-21] (英语). 
  16. ^ Gonsalves-Brown, Sophia; Quadri, Maha. Elon Musk Has Grown Even Wealthier Through Serving in Trump's Administration. Campaign Legal Center. 2025-06-05 [2026-05-21] (英语). 
  17. ^ Hyatt, John. How Elon Musk’s Companies Have—And Have Not—Benefitted Under Trump. Forbes. 2025-05-24 [2026-05-21] (英语). 
  18. ^ Debusmann Jr, Bernd. US begins preparing Qatari jet to be used as Air Force One. BBC News. 2025-07-28 [2026-05-21] (英国英语). 
  19. ^ Yang, Maya. Boeing jet gifted to Trump by Qatari royal family to be delivered by summer. The Guardian. 2026-01-22 [2026-05-21] (英国英语). 
  20. ^ Weissert, Will. Trump's Middle East visit comes as his family deepens its business, crypto ties in the region. NBC10 Philadelphia. 2025-05-14 [2026-05-21] (美国英语). 
  21. ^ Nereim, Vivian; Lipton, Eric. New Mideast Project Is Latest Trump Company Deal Tied to a Foreign Government. The New York Times. 2025-04-30 [2026-05-21] (美国英语). 
  22. ^ Tognini, Giacomo. Peace Envoy Steve Witkoff’s Fortune Gets Bump From Trump And Musk. Forbes. [2026-05-21] (英语). 
  23. ^ Kamin, Debra; Hope, Bradley. Where Mideast Envoy Pitched Peace, His Son Pitched Investors. The New York Times. 2025-09-26 [2026-05-21] (美国英语). 
  24. ^ Lipton, Eric; Yaffe-Bellany, David; Protess, Ben. Secret Deals, Foreign Investments, Presidential Policy Changes: The Rise of Trump’s Crypto Firm. The New York Times. 2025-04-29 [2026-05-21] (美国英语). 
  25. ^ Lipton, Eric; Yaffe-Bellany, David; Hope, Bradley; Mickle, Tripp; Mozur, Paul. Anatomy of Two Giant Deals: The U.A.E. Got Chips. The Trump Team Got Crypto Riches.. The New York Times. 2025-09-15 [2026-05-21] (美国英语). 
  26. ^ Pantazi, Andrew. How Trump's $1.8B "anti-weaponization" fund works. Axios. 2026-05-20 [2026-05-21] (英语). 
  27. ^ Gerstein, Josh; Nguyen, Danny. Justice Department expands Trump settlement to cover his tax audits. Politico. 2026-05-19 [2026-05-21] (英语). 
  28. ^ Breuninger, Kevin. Trump went big on tech stocks in first quarter of 2026, new filings show. CNBC. 2026-05-15 [2026-05-21] (英语). 
  29. ^ Jansen, Bart. Trump trades millions in Nvidia, Apple, Microsoft while promoting companies. USA TODAY. 2026-05-18 [2026-05-21] (美国英语). 

參見

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