SRY基因

SRY基因
已知的结构 PDB 直系同源搜索：PDBe RCSB PDBID列表 1HRY、1HRZ、1J46、1J47、2GZK
标识符
代号	SRY
扩展标识	OMIM：480000；MGI：98660；HomoloGene：48168；GeneCards：SRY；OMA：SRY - orthologs
基因位置（人类） 染色体 Y染色體 基因座 Yp11.2 起始 2,786,855 bp 终止 2,787,682 bp
基因位置（小鼠） 染色体 小鼠Y染色体 基因座 Y|Ypter 起始 2,662,471 bp 终止 2,663,658 bp
RNA表达模式 Bgee 人类 小鼠（直系同源） Top expressed in tendon of biceps brachii right testis left testis skin of abdomen skin of leg ventricular zone right adrenal cortex Top expressed in ankle joint epithelium of small intestine cumulus cell Ileal epithelium 查阅更多表达数据 BioGPS 查阅更多表达数据
基因本體 分子功能 DNA结合转录因子活性 转录因子结合 calmodulin binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II distal enhancer sequence-specific binding DNA结合 DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific 血浆蛋白结合 DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific 細胞組分 細胞質 nuclear speck 核质 细胞核 生物學過程 细胞分化 regulation of transcription, DNA-templated sex differentiation transcription, DNA-templated positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated positive regulation of male gonad development male sex determination regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II central nervous system development positive regulation of gene expression neuron differentiation 来源：Amigo / QuickGO
直系同源 物種 人類 小鼠 Entrez 6736 21674 Ensembl ENSG00000184895 ENSMUSG00000069036 UniProt Q05066 Q05738 mRNA序列 NM_003140 NM_011564 蛋白序列 NP_003131 NP_035694 基因位置 Chr Y：2.79 – 2.79 Mb Chr Y：2.66 – 2.66 Mb PubMed查询
维基数据
檢視/編輯人類 檢視/編輯小鼠

SRY基因（sex-determining region of Y-chromosome，全称：Y染色体性别决定区），又名睪丸決定因子，（英語：Testis-determining factor，簡稱TDF）是人体Y染色体上的一段基因片段，该基因是决定男性睾丸发育的主要基因。存在于Y染色体的短臂末端上。

该基因由Sinclair在1990年发现。

国际奥委会认证，SRY基因就是唯一一个性别决定基因，因此可以通过寻找该基因片段，达到判断测试者的性别的目的，若样本中存在该基因表示受试者是男性，否則为女性。部分LGBT群体则反对此观点，可是此方法依然是国际组织公认的检验办法之一。

功能

簡單來說，在懷孕期間，分佈於生殖嵴上的原基性腺的雙功能細胞同時具備分化成男性腺細胞或者女性腺細胞的能力。而睪丸決定因子就會啟動男性專用的轉錄因子，令這些細胞開始分裂，並分化成為睪丸。 TDF會上調表達SOX9這個具有同TDF相近的DNA結合位的轉錄因子。SOX9會上調成纖維細胞生長因子9，而成纖維細胞生長因子9反過來上調SOX9。这样，SOX9最終上升到合適的濃度，於是性腺上的雙功能細胞就會開始分化成塞爾托利氏細胞。另外，有表達TDF的細胞持續生長去形成原基睪丸。

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延伸阅读

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