染色体数目：修订间差异

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2012年5月3日 (四) 06:17的版本


此页胪列若干植物，动物，寄生生物及其他生物的二倍体（2n）的染色体数目。

物种 学名 二倍体染色体数目 附注
African Wild Dog，非洲野狗 Lycaon pictus 78[1]
Alfalfa，紫花苜蓿 Medicago sativa 32[2] 培植的紫花苜蓿是四倍体, 2n=4x=32。野生物种是 2n=16.[2]
American Badger，美洲獾 Taxidea taxus 32
American Marten，美洲貂 Martes americana 38
American Mink，美洲水貂 Neovison vison 30
Aquatic Rat，泽鼠 Anotomys leander 92[3] 与渔鼠 Ichthyomys pittieri并列为染色体数目最高的哺乳动物。
Thale Cress，塔勒水芹 Arabidopsis thaliana 10
Barley，大麦 Hordeum vulgare 14[2]
Bat-eared Fox，蝠耳狐 Otocyon megalotis 72[1]
Bean，豆 Phaseolus sp. 22[2] 此种所有种类之染色体数目相同，包括 P. vulgaris, P. coccineus, P. acutifolis, and P. lunatus.[2]
Beaver，海狸 (American) Castor canadensis 40
Beaver，海狸 (Eurasian) Castor fiber 48
Beech Marten，比奇貂 Martes foina 38
Bengal Fox，孟加拉狐 Vulpes bengalensis 60
Bittersweet nightshade，葵 Solanum dulcamara 24[4][5]
Black nightshade，龙葵 Solanum nigrum 72[6]
Moonworts，阴地蕨 Botrychium 90
Nagaho-no-natsu-no-hana-warabi，勁直蕨萁 Botrypus strictus 88 B. strictus and B. virginianus have been shown to be paraphyletic in the genus Botrypus
Rattlesnake fern，响尾蛇蕨 Botrypus virginianus 184[7]
Cabbage，卷心菜 Brassica oleracea 18[2] Broccoli, cabbage, kale, kohlrabi, brussels sprouts, and cauliflower are all the same species and have the same chromosome number.[2]
Cannabis，麻 Cannabis sativa 20
Carp，鲤鱼 104
Capuchin Monkey，卷尾猴 Cebus x 54[8]
Cat，猫 Felis catus 38
Chicken，鸡 Gallus gallus domesticus 78
Chimpanzee，黑猩猩 Pan troglodytes 48 [9]
Chinchilla，栗鼠 Chinchilla lanigera 64 [10]
Coati，浣熊mundi 38
Cotton，棉花 Gossypium hirsutum 52[2] 2n=4x; Cultivated upland cotton is derived from an allotetraploid
Cow，牛 Bos primigenius 60
Coyote，狼 Canis latrans 78[1]
Deer Mouse，鹿鼠 Peromyscus maniculatus 48
Dhole，豺 Cuon alpinus 78
Dingo，野狗 Canis lupus dingo 78[1]
Dog，狗 Canis lupus familiaris 78[11] 76 autosomal and 2 sexual.[12]
Dolphin，海豚 Delphinidae Delphis 44
Donkey，驴子 Equus africanus asinus 62
Dove，鸽子 78[13] Based on African collared dove
Fruit fly ，果蝇 Drosophila melanogaster 8[14] 6 autosomal, and 2 sexual
Duck-billed Platypus，鸭嘴兽 52
Earthworm，蚯蚓 Lumbricus terrestris 36
Echidna，针鼹 63/64 63 (XXY, male) and 64 (XXXX, female)
Elephant，大象 56
Elk，麋鹿 (Wapiti) Cervus canadensis 68
Eurasian Badger，欧亚獾 Meles meles 44
European honey bee，欧洲蜜蜂 Apis mellifera 32 32 for females, males are haploid and thus have 16.
European Mink，欧洲水貂 Mustela lutreola 38
European Polecat，欧洲臭鼬 Mustela putorius 40
Fennec Fox，小狐 Vulpes zerda 64[1]
Ferret，鼬 Mustela putorius furo 40
Field Horsetail，木贼 Equisetum arvense 216
Fisher (animal)， 肥西貂 38 a type of marten
Fossa，马岛狸 (animal)|Fossa Cryptoprocta ferox 42
Giraffe，长颈鹿 Giraffa camelopardalis 62
Goat，山羊 60
Golden Jackal，金狐狼 Canis aureus 78[1]
Gorilla，大猩猩 48
Gray Fox，灰狐 Urocyon cinereoargenteus 66[1]
Gypsy moth，舞毒蛾 62
Hawkweed，蒲公英之一种 8
Hare，兔子[15][16] 48
Hedgehog，刺猬 Genus Atelerix (African hedgehogs) 90
Hedgehog，刺猬 Genus Erinaceus (Woodland hedgehogs) 88
七指蕨，Kamraj (fern) Helminthostachys zeylanica 94
Horse，马 Equus ferus caballus 64
Human，人 Homo sapiens 46[17] 44 autosomal and 2 sex
Husk Tomato，茄科毛酸浆 Physalis pubescens 24[18]
Hyena，鬣狗 40
Hyrax，非洲蹄兔 ?? Hyraxes are considered to be the closest living relative to the Elephant.
Crab-eating rat (semiaquatic rodent)，食蟹鼠 Ichthyomys pittieri 92[3] Tied for highest number in mammals with Anotomys leander.
Jack jumper ant，夹克跳跳蚁 Myrmecia pilosula 2[19] 2 for females, males are haploid and thus have 1; smallest number possible. Other ant species have more chromosomes.[19]
Kangaroo，袋鼠 16 This includes several members genus Macropus, but not the red kangaroo (M. rufus, 40)[20]
Kit Fox，小狐狸 50
Lion，狮子 Panthera leo 38
Long-nosed Cusimanse，长鼻獴 (a type of mongoose) 36
Maize，玉米 Zea mays 20[2]
Maned Wolf，鬃狼 Chrysocyon brachyurus 76
Mango，芒果 Mangifera indica 40[2]
Meerkat，狐獴 Suricata suricatta 36
Mosquito，蚊子 Aedes aegypti 6[21] The 2n=6 chromosome number is conserved in the entire family Culicidae, except in Chagasia bathana which has 2n=8.[21]
Mouse，小鼠 Mus musculus 40
Mule，骡子 63 semi-infertile
Oats，燕麦 Avena sativa 42[2] This is a hexaploid with 2n=6x=42. Diploid and tetraploid cultivated species also exist.[2]
Adders-tongue]]，[[小草蕨 Ophioglossum reticulatum 1200 or 1260 此种蕨类具有已知最多的染色体数目。
Orangutan，猩猩 Pongo x 48
Oriental Small-clawed Otter，亞洲小爪水獺 Aonyx cinerea 38
Pea，豌豆 Pisum sativum 14[2]
Pig，猪 38
Pigeon，家鸽 80
Pine Marten，松貂 Martes martes 38
Pineapple，菠萝 Ananas comosus 50[2]
Platypus，鸭嘴兽 Ornithorhynchus anatinus 52 [22] Ten sex chromosomes.
Potato，马铃薯 Solanum tuberosum 48[2] This is a tetraploid; wild relatives mostly have 2n=24.[2]
Porcupine，豪猪 Erethizon dorsatum 34 [10]
Rabbit，兔子 44
Raccoon，狸 Procyon lotor 38[23]
Raccoon Dog，貉 Nyctereutes viverrinus 42 some sources say sub-species differ with 38, 54, and even 56 chromosomes
Raccoon Dog，貉 Nyctereutes procyonoides 56
Radish，罗卜 Raphanus sativus 18[2]
Rat，大鼠 42
Red Deer，马鹿 Cervus elaphus 68
Red Fox，红狐 Vulpes vulpes 34[1] Plus 3-5 microsomes.
Red Panda，小熊猫 36
Reeves's Muntjac，麂 Muntiacus reevesi 46
Rice，稻 Oryza sativa 24[2]
Rhesus Monkey，猕猴 42[24]
Rye，黑麦 Secale cereale 14[2]
Sable，黑貂 Martes zibellina 38
Sable Antelope Hippotragus niger 46
Grape ferns，葡萄蕨 Sceptridum 90
Sea Otter，海獭 38
Silverleaf nightshade，银叶茄 Solanum elaeagnifolium 24[25]
Sheep，绵羊 54
Shrimp，虾 Penaeus semisulcatus 86-92 [26]
Slime Mold，粘菌 Dictyostelium discoideum 12 [27]
Snail，蜗牛 24
Spotted Skunk，斑臭鼬 Spilogale x 64
Starfish，海星 36
Striped skunk，条纹臭鼬 Mephitis mephitis 50
Swamp Wallaby，泽鼠 Wallabia bicolor 10/11 10 for male, 11 for female
Tanuki/Raccoon Dog，狸 Nyctereutes procyonoides albus 38
Tiger，虎 Panthera tigris 38
Tibetan Sand fox，西藏沙狐 Vulpes ferrilata 36
Tobacco，烟草 Nicotiana tabacum 48[2] Cultivated species is a tetraploid.[2]
Turkey，火鸡 80 [28]
Virginia Opossum，负鼠 Didelphis virginiana 22[29]
Wheat，小麦 Triticum aestivum 42[2] This is a hexaploid with 2n=6x=42. Durum wheat is Triticum turgidum var. durum, and is a tetraploid with 2n=4x=28.[2]
White-tailed deer，白尾鹿 Odocoileus virginianus 70
Wolf，狼 Canis lupus 78
Woolly Mammoth，猛犸象 Mammuthus primigenius 58 extinct; tissue from a frozen carcass
Wolverine，狼獾 Gulo gulo 42
Yellow Mongoose，黄猫鼬 Cynictis penicillata 36
Yeast，酿酒酵母 Saccharomyces cerivisiae 32

See also

References

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External links/sources

取自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=染色体数目&oldid=21032160”