中东烤肉
外观
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/%C5%9Ei%C5%9F_kebap_and_pilav.jpg/250px-%C5%9Ei%C5%9F_kebap_and_pilav.jpg)
中东烤肉(英语:Shish kebab,土耳其语:şiş kebap,波斯语:شیش کباب, šiš kabāb)是一种源自中东[1]流行的烤肉串[2],传统上由羊肉(土耳其语:kuzu şiş)[3]制成,但也有牛肉或小牛肉(土耳其语:dana şiş)、剑鱼(土耳其语:kılıç şiş)[4]和鸡肉(土耳其语:tavuk şiş)等变体。在土耳其,中东烤肉和配上的蔬菜是分开烤的,通常不在同一串上。[5]
词源
[编辑]土耳其语şiş(英语:shish)作为食物器具的最早的文学证据来自11世纪由麻赫穆德·喀什噶里撰写的《突厥语大词典》。[6][7]他将shish定义为扦插和“安排面条的工具”(minzam tutmaj)。然而,所有后来已知的对shish的历史参考将其定义为串。[8][9]
土耳其语单词kebap源自阿拉伯语单词kabāb,意思是“烤肉”。它早在14世纪就出现在土耳其文本中。[10]词源学家说,这个词在古老的阿卡德语中与“kabābu”具有相同的含义,在阿拉姆语中则为 “kbabā/כבבא” 。[11]
参考来源
[编辑]- ^ Davidson, Allen, "The Oxford Companion to Food", p.442.
- ^ John Ayto. The Diner's Dictionary: Word Origins of Food and Drink. OUP Oxford. 18 October 2012: 192–. ISBN 978-0-19-964024-9.
- ^ Ozcan Ozan. The Sultan's Kitchen: A Turkish Cookbook. Tuttle Publishing. 13 December 2013: 146– [2018-11-09]. ISBN 978-1-4629-0639-0. (原始内容存档于2020-04-19).
- ^ Mimi Sheraton. 1,000 Foods To Eat Before You Die: A Food Lover's Life List. Workman Publishing Company. 13 January 2015: 1090– [2018-11-09]. ISBN 978-0-7611-8306-8. (原始内容存档于2020-04-19).
- ^ Steven Raichlen. The Barbecue! Bible 10th Anniversary Edition. Workman Publishing Company. 28 May 2008: 214–. ISBN 978-0-7611-5957-5.
- ^ shish kebab. Oxford English Dictionary 2nd. Oxford University Press. 1989.
- ^ Marks, Gil. Encyclopedia of Jewish Food. HMH. 17 November 2010 [2018-11-09]. ISBN 9780544186316. (原始内容存档于2019-02-19) –通过Google Books.
- ^ The Horseback Kitchen of Central Asia. Food on the Move. Oxford Symposium on Food and Cookery. 1996 [2018-07-16]. (原始内容存档于2020-11-16).
- ^ Nişanyan Sözlük - şiş [Nişanyan Dictionary - shish]. Nişanyan Sözlük. [2018-07-16]. (原始内容存档于2020-11-18) (土耳其语).
- ^ Nişanyan Sevan, Sözlerin Soyağacı, Çağdaş Türkçenin Etimolojik Sözlüğü, Online (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Book (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- ^ kebab - definition of kebab in English. Oxford Dictionaries. Oxford University Press. [August 3, 2017]. (原始内容存档于2019-05-08).
|