高麗族
高麗人 | |
---|---|
總人口 | |
500,000 | |
分佈地區 | |
乌兹别克斯坦 | 198,000[1] |
俄羅斯 | 125,000[1] |
哈萨克斯坦 | 105,000[1] |
吉尔吉斯斯坦 | 19,000[1] |
烏克蘭 | 13,000[1] |
塔吉克斯坦 | 6,000[1] |
土库曼斯坦 | 3,000[1] |
語言 | |
高麗語、俄語 | |
宗教信仰 | |
東正教、新教、佛教、儒學 | |
相关族群 | |
朝鲜族、在韓國的俄羅斯人 |
高麗人(俄語:Корё сарам;朝鮮語:고려인/高麗人 或 朝鮮語:고려사람/高麗사람)或高丽族,是定居在原蘇聯地區之朝鲜族的總稱。
朝鲜人最初出现在俄国是在1860年,他们因飢荒逃亡至满洲一帶,最終來到俄羅斯帝國,有761个家庭,共5,310人。1907年统计有26,005人,1919年有63,409人。1923年106,817人。
蘇聯解體前,約有500,000高麗人定居,主要分佈在是現今中亞地區已獨立的國家中(哈薩克斯坦、烏茲別克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦、塔吉克斯坦),俄罗斯远东地区、俄罗斯南部、烏克兰、高加索一帶也有分布。這个群體可以追溯至19世紀後期生活在俄羅斯滨海边疆区的咸鏡北道朝鮮族。
另有一群庫頁島朝鮮族生活於庫頁島,其中一部分被認為是高麗人。相對於廣大的俄羅斯內地,他們主要是19世紀末20世紀初直至20世紀30年代,被迫服務於日本三井設在庫頁島的煤礦的勞工的后裔,其多数來自庆尚道与全罗道。當初這些人被用於填補二戰勞工短缺,後定居於此。
他们出现在中亚是因斯大林怕他们与日本合作而從滨海边疆区強行發配至現今中亞地區(即高丽人集体流配事件),尤其是哈萨克斯坦接收的最多。蘇聯解體后,有部分高麗人返回俄罗斯远东地区或移居韓國。
參考文獻
引用
来源
- Alekseenko, Aleksandr Nikolaevich, "Республика в зеркале переписей населения" ("Republic in the Mirror of the Population Census") (PDF), Sotsiologicheskie Issledovaniia, 2001, (12): 58–62, (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2007-06-30)
- Back, Tae-Hyun, The social reality faced by ethnic Koreans in Central Asia, Korean and Korean American Studies Bulletin, 2004, 12 (2-3): 45–88
- Chang, Jon, Central Asia or Bust, Koream Journal, February 2005 [2009-02-26], (原始内容存档于2008-10-07)
- Dong, Xiaoyang; Su, Chang, Strategic Adjustments and Countermeasures against Extremist Forces of Central Asian Countries after 9/11, Proceedings of the Central Asia Symposium, Monterey, California (PDF), Fort Monroe, Virginia: U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command: 45–77, August 2005 [2007-03-26], (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2008-04-10)
- Ki, Kwangseo, 구소련 한인사회의 역사적 변천과 현실 [Korean society in the former Soviet Union: historical development and realities], Proceedings of 2002 Conference of the Association for the Study of Overseas Koreans (ASOK), Seoul: Association for the Study of Overseas Koreans, December 2002
- Kim, German Nikolaevich, Names of Koryo-saram, Al-Farabi University, 2003 [2007-03-26], (原始内容存档于2003-10-30)
- Kim, Young-Sik, Who were the Soviet Koreans? The left-right confrontation in Korea – Its origin, Association for Asian Research, 2003b [2009-02-26], (原始内容存档于2007-04-09)
- Lankov, Andrei, The Emergence of the Soviet faction in North Korea, 1945–55, From Stalin to Kim Il Song: the formation of North Korea, 1945–1960, C. Hurst & Co.: 110–135, 2002, ISBN 978-1-85065-563-3
- Lee, Kwang-kyu, Overseas Koreans, Seoul: Jimoondang, 2000, ISBN 89-88095-18-9
- Lee, Jeanyoung, Migration, Ethnicity and Citizenship: Ethnic-Korean Returnees in the Russian Far East, Asia Culture Forum (PDF), Inha University, 2006 [2006-11-23][失效連結]
- Pavlenko, Valentina Nikolaevna, Establishing a boarding school for Koreans in Ukraine, Local Government and Public Service Reform Initiative Case Studies, 1999, (30), (原始内容 (Microsoft Word)存档于2004-11-24)
- Pohl, J. Otto, Ethnic Cleansing in the USSR, 1937-1949, Greenwood, 1999, ISBN 0-313-30921-3
- Schlyter, Bridget, Korean Business and Culture in Former Soviet Central Asia, Forum for Central Asian Studies, Stockholm University, 2004 [2006-12-11], (原始内容存档于2004-05-17)
- 人口普查數據
- Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской Империи 1897 г. (General Population Census of the Russian Empire in 1897), Demoscope.ru, [2007-05-20], (原始内容存档于2012-02-04)
- Trosterud, Trond, Soviet censuses: Introduction to the census data, legend to the tables, and sources, Norway: University of Tromsø, 2000 [2009-12-01], (原始内容存档于2000-10-29)
- Russian Census, Федеральная служба государственной статистики, 2002-10-09 [2006-07-26], (原始内容存档于2016-02-29)
外部連結
- (俄文) [1] (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- (俄文) Association of Scientific and Technological Societies Koreans (ANTOK)
- (俄文) CIS Koreans Information Web-Site of ARIRANG.RU (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- (俄文) Lib.Ru: the Koreans (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- (俄文) Tashkent Representation of the Institute of Asian Culture and Development (TP IAKR) (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) — an Association of Koreans in Karakalpakstan.
- International Center for Korean Studies of Lomonosov Moscow State University[永久失效連結]
- Korean Scientific and Engineering Society (KAHAK)
- Koryo Saram: the Unreliable People (documentary film) (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Koryo Saram Resource of the Central Asian Fulbright Project
参见
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