脑源性神经营养因子

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脑源性神经营养因子
PDB rendering based on 1bnd.
有效结构
PDB 直系同源检索：PDBe, RCSB
标识
代号 BDNF; MGC34632
扩展标识 遗传学：113505 鼠基因：88145 同源基因：7245 GeneCards: BDNF Gene
RNA表达模式
PBB GE BDNF 206382 s at tn.png
更多表达数据
直系同源体
物种 人类 小鼠
Entrez 627 12064
Ensembl ENSG00000176697 ENSMUSG00000048482
UniProt P23560 Q541P3
mRNA序列 NM_001143805.1 NM_001048139
蛋白序列 NP_001137277.1 NP_001041604
基因位置 Chr 11:
27.68 – 27.74 Mb		 Chr 2:
109.51 – 109.57 Mb
PubMed查询 [1] [2]

脑源性神经营养因子（英語：Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor，縮寫為BDNF）是人脑中的一种蛋白质，由脑源性神经营养因子基因生成。脑源性神经营养因子是神经营养因子中的一种，这种因子存在于人的神经系统中。 BDNF是大腦中含量最豐富的蛋白質，在腦部可以促進神經元 (神經細胞) 的生長，也促進大腦神經細胞突觸的成形。[1][2]簡單來說，就是大腦非常需要的營養蛋白質。 研究顯示，在大腦中掌管記憶的海馬迴中含有特別豐富的 BDNF ，對於突觸的生長以及長期記憶也非常重要。[3]已經有許多國際研究顯示，缺乏 BDNF 將可能造成一些認知功能障礙，例如阿茲海默症[4]，此為常見的退化性失智症之一。 另外，若長期處於壓力大或憂鬱的狀態，也可能會抑制大腦 BDNF 的分泌，影響記憶及認知功能，甚至於導致自律神經失調或海馬迴萎縮等更嚴重的問題。

功能[编辑]

BDNF的作用[编辑]

  • 促進腦神經突觸傳遞與發生(Synaptogenesis)[9][10][11]
  • 提升神經元的分化(Neurogenesis)：BDNF 在神經的生成中非常重要。許多人體研究證明 BDNF 是神經元分化的強促進劑。[12][13]
  • 改善認知功能(Cognitive Function)[14][15]

疾病關聯[编辑]

促進BDNF生成的食物[编辑]

1. 咖啡莓果(WCFC Coffee Berry)[编辑]

咖啡果提取物能使 BDNF 增加 143%[22]。提高 BDNF，可以改善以下的腦部的功能：

  • 更快速的學習[23][24]：思緒清晰、能量充沛。
  • 改善記憶的能力：BDNF可以刺激海馬迴記憶中心的腦細胞聯結，從而，改善記憶力。[25][26]
  • 延緩腦部退化：BDNF 可以保護腦部神經，延緩腦部退化[27][28]。[29]BDNF 也可以幫助腦細胞更快地從損傷中恢復。
  • 改善心情與情緒[30][31][32]

2. 含有膽鹼的磷脂(Choline-Containing Phospholipids)[编辑]

含有膽鹼的磷脂(聰明磷脂)可以提升BDNF，改善腦部的認知功能與腦神經元的再生。[33][34][35][36][37]

延伸閱讀[编辑]

  • Meerwijk, Esther L., Judith M. Ford, and Sandra J. Weiss. Brain regions associated with psychological pain: implications for a neural network and its relationship to physical pain. Brain imaging and behavior. 2013, 7 (1): 1–14. PMID 12424260. doi:10.1007/s11682-012-9179-y. 

外部連結[编辑]

Template:Nerve growth factor family

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相關
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