次閉元音

表內成對的元音分別為不圓唇／圓唇。

次閉元音（near-close vowel、near-high vowel）是一種用於口語中的元音。次閉元音的特徵類似於閉元音，同樣是舌頭的位置接近上顎，但不需閉元音那麼緊密。

次閉元音分類

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Doke, Clement Martyn; Mofokeng, S. Machabe, Textbook of Southern Sotho Grammar 3rd, Cape Town: Longman Southern Africa, 1974, ISBN 0-582-61700-6
International Phonetic Association, Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A guide to the use of the International Phonetic Alphabet, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999, ISBN 0-521-65236-7
Jones, Daniel; Ward, Dennis, The Phonetics of Russian, Cambridge University Press, 1969, ISBN 0-521-06736-7
Ladefoged, Peter; Johnson, Keith, A Course in Phonetics 6th, Boston, Massachusetts: Wadsworth Publishing, 2010 [2018-02-14], ISBN 978-1-4282-3126-9, （原始內容存檔於2019-03-24）
Lee, Hyun Bok, Korean, Handbook of the International Phonetic Association, Cambridge University Press: 120–122, 1999, ISBN 0-521-63751-1
Strandskogen, Åse-Berit, Norsk fonetikk for utlendinger, Oslo: Gyldendal, 1979, ISBN 82-05-10107-8
Vanvik, Arne, Norsk fonetikk, Oslo: Universitetet i Oslo, 1979, ISBN 82-990584-0-6

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