马拉加斯语

馬拉加斯語; Malagasy
使用在	馬達加斯加、葛摩、留尼汪、马约特
使用人數：	6百萬
語系：	南島語系; 马来-波利尼西亚语族; 婆罗-菲律宾语群; 巴里托语支 (Barito); 东巴里托语支; 馬拉加斯語
語言代碼
ISO 639-1：	mg
ISO 639-2：	mlg
ISO 639-3：	分別為：; mlg – 马拉加斯语（一般）; xmv – Antankarana Malagasy; bhr – Bara Malagasy; msh – Masikoro Malagasy; bmm – N. Betsimisaraka Malagasy; plt – Plateau Malagasy; skg – Sakalava Malagasy; bjq – S. Betsimisaraka Malagasy; tdx – Tandroy-Mahafaly Malagasy; txy – Tanosy Malagasy; xmw – Tsimihety Malagasy
	注意：本頁包含 Unicode 的國際音標。

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馬拉加斯語 (Malagasy，maa.laa.gaas) 是一種南島語系語言，為馬達加斯加的官方語言之一，馬拉加斯語接近於婆羅洲南部，南加里曼丹巴里托河一帶的語言，尤其是有90%詞彙與 Ma'anyan 語相同。這是因為馬達加斯加在一千五百到兩千年前被印尼人殖民時，許多的人是來自婆罗洲的緣故。現代的馬達加斯加人是原本的印尼人殖民和東部非洲人與阿拉伯人混血而成的，現代的馬拉加斯語中也有一些來自英語、法語、非洲班圖人語言和阿拉伯語的借詞。

馬拉加斯語的基本語序為VOS順序。

[编辑] 發音

[编辑] 元音

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i, y /i/		o /u/
Mid	e /e/		ao, ô /o/
Open		a /a/

[编辑] 輔音

		Bilabial	Labiodental	Dental	Alveolar	Retroflex	Velar	Glottal
Nasal		m			n
Plosive or affricate	Voiceless	p		t	ts	ʈʂ	k
	Voiceless prenasalized	^mp		ⁿt	ⁿts	^ɳʈʂ	^ŋk
	Voiced	b		d	dz	ɖʐ	ɡ
	Voiced prenasalized	^mb		ⁿd	ⁿdz	^ɳɖʐ	^ŋɡ
Fricative	Voiceless		f		s			h
Fricative	Voiced		v		z
Lateral					l
Trill					r

The alveolars /s z l/ are slightly palatalized. The velars /k g/ are palatalized after /i/ (e.g., alika /alikʲa/ 'dog').

[编辑] 語法

[编辑] 例子

以下例子是來自 Imerina 方言，又稱官方馬拉加斯語，在首都安塔那那利佛和中部高原 Imerina 部族的居住地使用。^[1] 這種語言可在全島通行。

English	Malagasy
English	Anglisy
Yes	Eny
No	Tsia
Hello! and How are You?	Manao ahoana!
Hello! (rural areas)	Salama!
I'm fine, thank you.	Tsara fa misaotra.
Goodbye!	Veloma!
Please	Azafady
Thank you	Misaotra
You're welcome	Tsy misy fisaorana.
Excuse me	Azafady with arm and hand pointing to the ground
Sorry	Miala tsiny
Who?	Iza?
What?	Inona?
When?	Rahoviana?
Where?	Aiza?
Why?	Fa maninona?
How?	Ahoana?
How many?	Firy?
How much?	Hoatrinona?
What's your name?	Iza ny anaranao?
For	Ho an'ny
Because	Satria
I don't understand.	Tsy azoko.
Yes, I understand.	Eny, azoko.
Help!	Vonjeo!
Can you help me please?	Afaka manampy ahy ve ianao azafady?
Where are the bathrooms?	Aiza ny efitrano fivoahana?
Do you speak English?	Miteny anglisy ve ianao?
I do not speak Malagasy.	Tsy mahay teny malagasy aho.
I do not speak French.	Tsy mahay teny frantsay aho.
I am thirsty.	Mangetaheta aho.
I am hungry.	Noana aho.
I am tired.	Vizaka aho.
I need to pee.	Poritra aho.
I would like to go to Antsirabe.	Te-handeha any Antsirabe aho.
That's expensive!	Lafo be izany!
I'm hungry for some rice.	Noana [vary] aho.
What can I do for you?	Inona azoko atao ho anao?
I like...	Tiako...
I love you.	Tiako ianao.
數字
1	isa/iray
2	roa
3	telo
4	efatra
5	dimy
6	enina
7	fito
8	valo
9	sivy
10	folo
11	iraika ambin'ny folo
12	roa ambin'ny folo
20	roapolo
30	telopolo
40	efapolo
50	dimampolo
60	enim_polo
70	fitopolo
80	valopolo
90	sivifolo
100	zato
200	roan_jato
1000	arivo
10,000	iray alina
100,000	iray hetsy
1,000,000	iray tapitrisa
1,000,000,000	iray lavitrisa
3,568,942	roa amby (ambin'ny) efapolo sy sivin_jato sy valo arivo sy enina alina sy dimy hetsy sy telo tapitrisa