维基百科:删除程序
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本页在英语维基百科的对应页是一项删除守则，但在中文维基百科尚未达成共识，仅供参考。请参照英文版对应页或本页的讨论页内容进一步完善本页，或提议和参与讨论本指引是否可以成为中文维基百科的正式方针或指引。 |
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删除流程是执行并记录社群对页面或媒体存废的维基百科流程。
中文维基百科留两种主要删除方式。如果页面满足特定标准，就可能被快速删除。如果页面不满足此，则需要在存废讨论中形成后共识方可删除。一般，管理员用户会负责关闭这些讨论；然而，声誉良好的非管理员用户也可能在特定情况下（见章节非管理员关闭讨论）关闭讨论。此外在英文维基百科中，无争议的候选删除条目，还可以被提议删除（proposed deletion）；中文维基百科不使用这种删除方式。
注：基金會行動， 維基媒體基金會理事會或系统管理员的声明——特别是设计版权问题、法律问题或服务器负载——可能凌驾于社群共识之上。
目录
Speedy deletion[编辑]
The speedy deletion process applies to pages which meet at least one of the criteria for speedy deletion, which specify the only cases in which administrators have broad consensus support to, at their discretion, bypass deletion discussion and immediately delete Wikipedia pages or media.
Before deleting a page through the speedy deletion process, verify that it meets at least one of the criteria for speedy deletion, check the page history to assess whether it would instead be possible to revert and salvage a previous version and to determine whether there was a cut-and-paste move involved, and search for other information which may impact the need or reason for deletion:
- The initial edit summary may have information about the source of or reason for the page.
- The talk page may refer to previous deletion discussions or have ongoing discussion relevant to including the page.
- The page log may have information about previous deletions that could warrant SALTing the page or keeping it.
- WhatLinksHere may show that the page is an oft-referred part of the encyclopedia, or may show other similar pages that warrant deletion. For pages that should not be recreated, incoming links in other pages (except in discussions, archives and tracking pages) should be removed.
If a page is not appropriate for speedy deletion, the page must be edited to remove the speedy deletion tag—this will, in turn, remove the page from Category:Candidates for speedy deletion. Consider notifying the editor who suggested deletion.
When deleting a page through the speedy deletion process, specify the reason for deletion in the deletion summary so that it will be recorded into the deletion log. Quoting page content in the deletion summary may be helpful, but must not be done for attack content or copyrighted text. In some cases, it would be appropriate to notify the page's creator of the deletion.
Proposed deletion[编辑]
The proposed deletion process applies to articles that do not meet the stringent criteria for speedy deletion, but for which it is believed that deletion would be uncontroversial. For instructions on handling articles that have been proposed for deletion, see Wikipedia:Proposed deletion#Deletion.
存废讨论[编辑]
存废讨论程序适用于，在适当删除讨论场所正式提名删除的页面。
通则[编辑]
虽然关闭删除讨论的步骤因讨论场所而异，但它们都适用于一些通则。
共识[编辑]
共识由通过深思熟虑，详细分析并最终综合各方论点而达成，且不应该完全由投票抵消得出。
结果应该反映存废讨论和更大范围社群的达成的大致共识。（虽然共识可以改变，但有限编辑团体间一时一地形成的共识，无法覆盖更大范围社群的共识。）
如果发生了不合适的拉票，就需要评估这是否在某种程度上破坏了正常共识形成应得的讨论结果。
常见结果[编辑]
存废讨论可能是几种截然不同的结果之一，特定的存废讨论场更可能出现特定的结果。然而所有场所都有三种常见结果：保留、删除和无共识。
保留结果反映保留页面的大致共识，虽然并不一定以其当前的状态保留。欲执行“保留”结果：以“保留”关闭存废讨论；编辑页面移除删除标签；选择一种场所特定模板，在页面的讨论页记录结果（见分步介绍获取细节）。
删除结果反映页面应当连同全部历史记录一并移除（如无法保留）。欲执行“删除”结果：以“删除”关闭存废讨论；删除页面，并在删除摘要中链接删除讨论；同时，如果不应再次创建此页面，请移除其它页面的链入（讨论、存档和跟踪页面除外）。
无共识结果反映页面没有形成任何一种行动的大致共识。欲执行“无共识”结果：以“无共识”关闭存废讨论；编辑页面移除删除标签；选择一种场所特定模板，在页面的讨论页记录结果（见分步介绍获取细节）。
注：在有关相对不知名、非公开人物的Wikipedia:生者传记存废讨论中，如果主题被请求删除且没有形成保留的大致共识，可能根据删除守则以“删除”关闭。
- 其它依据讨论场所的结果
其它结果包括但不限于：
- WP:AFD：“incubate”“合并”“重定向”“拆分”“移动至用户页”和“软删除” (treat the nomination as an expired proposed deletion, with the understanding that anyone who contests the deletion may request undeletion for any reason)
- WP:CFD：“快速重命名”“重命名”“合并”（包括“并入上级”）“拆分”和“改为列表”
- WP:FFD：“删除，并允许在an appropriate licence时恢复/重新上传”
- WP:MFD：“移动至用户页”
- WP:TFD：“重定向”
- WP:RFD：“消歧义化”和“改变重定向”
程序性关闭[编辑]
特定情况下存废讨论可能需要“程序性关闭”——依据删除提名的情况而非讨论页面的理据，执行无结果关闭。程序性关闭可能包括以下几种情况：
- 被提名页面没有标记相应的提删标签。讨论关闭者可以酌情给被提名页面挂上删除标记，并将其重新列入讨论，而非将其关闭。
- 提名页面当前正被Wikipedia:首页链入。（如果有法律疑虑，请在提名删除前将其报告到Wikipedia:Main Page/Errors并等待链接移除）
- 在上次存废讨论结果出来后，立刻再次提名挑战上次的结果。这种情况无疑存废复核请求更为合适。
- 将存废讨论放入错误的场所，比如，讨论存放在Commons:的文件，或是在档案存废讨论提删分类。This includes discussions which contain no substantive arguments for any course of action which would be covered by the venue in question.
不能仅以格式糟糕来关闭存废讨论，以便避免伤害新用户。
提前关闭[编辑]
一般而言，存废讨论应该至少开放7天，以便给有兴趣的编辑充足的参与时间。然而，特定情况下，讨论可以在7天内关闭。
执行快速关闭讨论的关闭者应该使用良好的判断力，因为通常最好是让讨论继续进行，达到完整的7天周期。
- 撤销提名
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The nominator may withdraw the nomination at any time. However, if subsequent editors have added substantive comments in good faith, the discussion should not be speedily closed. A nomination should not be withdrawn in order to try to short-circuit an ongoing discussion.
- Speedy keep
A "speedy keep" outcome is appropriate when the nomination unquestionably is an attempt to vandalize or to otherwise create disruption. For example:
- Nominations which are clearly an attempt to end an editing dispute through deletion (possibly in an attempt to game the system), when dispute resolution would be a more appropriate course.
- Nominations which are made solely to provide a forum for disruption (this includes editor harassment).
- The nominated page is a policy or guideline. The deletion process is not a forum for policy concerns.
- Frivolous or vexatious nominations (recently featured articles, for example). This includes re-nominating the same page with the same arguments immediately after they were strongly rejected in a recently closed deletion discussion.
- The nominator is banned, so their edits are not to be retained. In that case, the nominated page is speedily kept while the nomination can be tagged with {{db-g5}} and speedily deleted as a banned contribution. However, if subsequent editors have added substantive comments in good faith, the nomination should not be speedily closed (though the nominator's opinion will be discounted in the closure decision).
- Speedy delete
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When the nominated page unambiguously falls under at least one of the criteria for speedy deletion, particularly criterion G10 (attack page) or criterion G12 (copyright violation), it is not necessary to wait until the end of the discussion period.
- Snowball clause
When the outcome of the deletion discussion is almost certain, such that there is not a "snowball's chance in hell" that the outcome will be anything other than what is expected.
Note: The "snowball clause" exists to avoid process for the sake of process, and should not be invoked in situations where a particular outcome is merely "likely" or "highly likely", or where there is genuine and reasoned disagreement.
人数不足[编辑]
如果除了提名者外，提名没有获得其他意见（或AfD的少数情况），讨论可能会由关闭者以最佳判断酌情关闭。常见的选择包括但不限于：
- 重新列入讨论（见重新列入讨论章节）；
- 以“允许立刻再次提名”（NPASR）而“无共识”关闭；
- 以提名者所述意见关闭。
Relisting discussions[编辑]
The intent of the deletion process is to attempt to determine consensus on whether an article should be deleted.
However, if at the end of the initial seven-day period, the discussion has only a few participants (including the nominator), and/or it seems to be lacking arguments based on policy, it may be appropriate for the closer to relist it, to solicit further discussion to determine consensus. A relisted discussion may be closed once consensus is determined without necessarily waiting a further seven days.
That said, relisting should not be a substitute for a "no consensus" closure. If the closer feels there has been substantive debate, disparate opinions supported by policy have been expressed, and consensus has not been achieved, a no-consensus close may be preferable.
Relisting debates repeatedly in the hope of getting sufficient participation is not recommended, and while having a deletion notice on a page is not harmful, its presence over several weeks can become disheartening for its editors. Therefore, in general, debates should not be relisted more than twice. Users relisting a debate for a third (or further) time, or relisting a debate with a substantial number of commenters, should write a short explanation (in addition to the {{relist}} template) on why they did not consider the debate sufficient.
When relisting a discussion, it should be removed from the log for its original date (this does not apply at Categories for discussion) and moved to the current date's log where the discussion will continue. Scripts such as User:Mr.Z-man/closeAFD automate the process. The reasoning behind relisting may be indicated in the {{relist}} template as well.
Non-administrators closing discussions[编辑]
In general, administrators are responsible for closing deletion discussions. However, at times the many discussion venues become backlogged. Editors in good standing who are not administrators may close deletion discussions, with the following provisions:
- Deletion discussions must be decided in accordance with consensus and taking account of Wikipedia policies and guidelines. If you are not familiar with deletion policy or the workings of deletion discussions, please avoid closing discussions.
- Non-administrators should not close discussions in which they lack the technical ability to act upon the outcome.
- Close calls and controversial decisions are better left to an administrator.
- In cases where an administrator has deleted a page, including by speedy deletion, but forgot to close the discussion, anyone may close the discussion provided that the administrator's name and deletion summary are included in the closing rationale.
- Closing discussions in which you have offered an opinion or for a page in which you have a vested interest (i.e. a page that you have edited heavily) should be avoided. The sole exception is if you are closing your own withdrawn nomination as a speedy keep and all other viewpoints expressed were for keep as well.
Non-administrators closing deletion discussions are recommended to disclose their status in the closing decision. Decisions are subject to review and may be reopened by any administrator. If this happens, take it only as a sign that the decision was not as obvious as you thought.
Step-by-step instructions[编辑]
Articles for deletion page[编辑]
For instructions on closing Articles for deletion (AfD) discussions, see Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Administrator instructions.
Categories for discussion page[编辑]
For instructions on closing Categories for discussion (CfD) discussions, see Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Administrator instructions.
Files for deletion page[编辑]
For instructions on closing Files for deletion (FfD) discussions, see Wikipedia:Files for deletion/Administrator instructions.
Possibly unfree files page[编辑]
For instructions on closing Possibly unfree files (PuF) discussions, see Wikipedia:Possibly unfree files/Administrator instructions.
Miscellany for deletion page[编辑]
For instructions on closing Miscellany for deletion (MfD) discussions, see Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Administrator instructions.
Redirects for discussion page[编辑]
For instructions on closing Redirects for discussion (RfD) discussions, see Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion/Administrator instructions.
Templates for discussion page[编辑]
For instructions on closing Templates for discussion (TfD) discussions, see Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Administrator instructions.
Deletion review[编辑]
For instructions on closing Deletion review (DRV) discussions, see Wikipedia:Deletion review/Administrator instructions.
Special situations[编辑]
Transwiki[编辑]
If consensus indicates a transwiki should take place, but you do not want to complete the transwiki process immediately:
- Add a new entry to Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Old/Transwiki.
- Add the appropriate tag to the article:
Pages with many revisions[编辑]
The deletion of pages with long histories may impact server performance. As a precaution, therefore, deletions of pages with more than 5,000 revisions require the special "bigdelete" user right, which administrators do not have. Such deletions can be requested of stewards at meta:Steward requests/Miscellaneous.
Search all deletion discussions[编辑]
Template:Search deletion discussions
Note: to limit search to only title of the page, enter search term preceded with intitle: example, to search for the word battleships in the full text, just enter:
- battleships
to search for battleships specifically in the title of the page, enter:
- intitle:battleships
to search for navy in the full text, but battleships specifically in the title, enter:
- navy intitle:battleships
