量子心靈
外觀
量子心靈(Quantum mind)或量子意識(Quantum consciousness)[1],是一個科學猜想,認為經典物理不能解釋意識的產生,而量子力學現象,如量子糾纏和量子疊加,會在大腦的運行中起到關鍵作用,可能是理解意識的基礎。這不是一個單一理論,而是許多不同構想的集合。迄今這類理論依舊是邊緣科學,而實驗證據反對此說法。[2]
歷史
[編輯]尤金·維格納提出了量子力學與心靈活動有關的想法。他認為波函數由於與意識的相互作用而坍縮。弗里曼·戴森說:「正如能做出選擇的能力所體現的那樣,意識在某種程度上來說與每個電子都有內在聯繫。」[3]
一些其他當代物理學家和哲學家認為這些觀點不可信。[4]維克特·斯登格認為量子意識是「應該與神,獨角獸和龍相提並論」的「沒有科學依據」的「謬見」。[5]
戴維·查爾莫斯反對量子意識。他反而討論了量子力學與二元意識的關係。查爾莫斯對任何新物理學解決知覺難題的能力持懷疑態度。實驗證據指出羅傑·彭羅斯等人的量子意識理論不太可能成立。[2]
參見
[編輯]參考資料
[編輯]- ^ Quantum Approaches to Consciousness. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. First published Tue Nov 30, 2004; substantive revision Thu May 19, 2011 [2014-10-17]. (原始內容存檔於2021-08-08).
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Derakhshani, Maaneli; Diósi, Lajos; Laubenstein, Matthias; Piscicchia, Kristian; Curceanu, Catalina. At the crossroad of the search for spontaneous radiation and the Orch OR consciousness theory. Physics of Life Reviews. September 2022, 42: 8–14 [2024-03-29]. doi:10.1016/j.plrev.2022.05.004. (原始內容存檔於2024-03-29).
- ^ Dyson, Freeman. Infinite in All Directions: Gifford Lectures Given at Aberdeen, Scotland April--November 1985 1st Perennial. New York: Perennial. 2004: 297. ISBN 0060728892.
- ^ Searle, John R. The Mystery of Consciousness 1. New York: New York Review of Books. 1997: 53–88. ISBN 9780940322066.
- ^ Stenger, Victor. The Myth of Quantum Consciousness (PDF). The Humanist. 53 No 3 (May–June 1992). : 13–15 [2017-04-25]. (原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2011-06-06).
延伸閱讀
[編輯]- Flanagan, Brian. Are Perceptual Fields Quantum Fields? (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館)
- Hodgson, David. The Mind Matters. Oxford University Press, 1993.
- Koch, C. and Hepp, K., "Quantum mechanics in the brain", Nature 440, 611 (30 March 2006)
- Litt et al., "Is the Brain a Quantum Computer?" (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館), Cognitive Science (2006)
- Lockwood, Michael. Mind, Brain and the Quantum. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Basil Blackwell Ltd., 1989.
- McFadden, Johnjoe (2000) Quantum Evolution (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館) HarperCollins. ISBN 0-00-255948-X; ISBN 0-00-655128-9 . Final chapter on the quantum mind.
- Pharaoh, M.C. (online). Looking to quantum mechanics for a reductive explanation of the noumenon of consciousness Retrieved June.21 2008.
- Schrödinger, Erwin. Mind and Matter. Cambridge University Press, 1959.
- Weyl, Hermann. Mind and Nature, University of Pennsylvania Press, 1934.
- Wigner, Eugene. "Physics and the Explanation of Life", in Foundations of Physics, vol. 1, 1970, pp. 34–45.
外部連結
[編輯]- Center for Consciousness Studies (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館), directed by Stuart Hameroff
- Online papers on consciousness (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館)
- Stanford Univ. Encyclopedia of Philosophy critical survey article Harald Altmanspacher (2006) Quantum Approaches to Consciousness (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館)
- "What is an Essentially Quantum Mechanical Effect?", Osvaldo Pessoa Jr.
- Quantum-Mind (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館)
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