嗜中性白血球吞噬
炭疽桿菌(橙色部分)
掃描電子顯微圖。長桿狀的炭疽桿菌,其部分已被較巨大的點狀白血球吞入。吞噬細胞的形狀因細胞內未消化的細菌而扭曲變形。
吞噬細胞(俄语:Фагоцит,英语:phagocyte)是透過吞噬有害的外來微粒、細菌及壞死或凋亡細胞(即噬菌作用)以保衛人體的白血球。它的命名源自希臘文「phagein」(吃或吞食)及「-cyte」(生物學中代表細胞的字尾)[1],是對抗傳染病不可或缺的細胞,也是後天免疫力的組成之一[2]。吞噬細胞在整個動物界中作用重大[3],並在脊椎動物中高度發展[4]。一公升的人血內含有約六百萬個吞噬細胞[5]。1882年,埃黎耶·埃黎赫·梅契尼可夫在研究海星幼蟲時首度發現了吞噬細胞[6],梅契尼可夫並因此獲得1908年諾貝爾生理學或醫學獎[7]。吞噬細胞存在於許多物種中;有些阿米巴原蟲功能表現類似於巨噬細胞,可推測吞噬細胞可能在生命演化初期便已存在。[8]
参考文献 [编辑]
引用 [编辑]
- ^ The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford University Press (Guild Publishing). 1983: 1566–67.
- ^ Mayer, Gene. Immunology — Chapter One: Innate (non-specific) Immunity. Microbiology and Immunology On-Line Textbook. USC School of Medicine. 2006 [November 12, 2008].
- ^ Delves等作者(2006年),第250頁
- ^ Delves等作者(2006年),第251頁
- ^ Hoffbrand,Pettit & Moss(2005年),第331頁
- ^ Ilya Mechnikov, retrieved on November 28, 2008. From Nobel Lectures, Physiology or Medicine 1901–1921, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1967.
- ^ Schmalstieg, FC; AS Goldman. Ilya Ilich Metchnikoff (1845–1915) and Paul Ehrlich (1854–1915): the centennial of the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Journal of medical biography. 2008, 16 (2): 96–103. PMID 18463079.
- ^ Janeway, Chapter: Evolution of the innate immune system.see Bibliography, retrieved on March 20, 2009
书籍 [编辑]
- Delves, P. J.; Martin, S. J.; Burton, D. R.; Roit, I. M., Roitt's Essential Immunology. 11th, Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. 2006, ISBN 1405136030
- Ernst, J. D.; Stendahl, O.s., Phagocytosis of Bacteria and Bacterial Pathogenicity, New York: Cambridge University Press. 2006, ISBN 0521845696 Website
- Hoffbrand, A. V.; Pettit, J. E.; Moss, P. A. H., Essential Haematology. 4th, London: Blackwell Science. 2005, ISBN 0632051531
- Janeway, C. A.; Murphy, K. M.; Travers, P.; Walport, M., Immunobiology. 5th, New York: Garland Science. 2001, ISBN 081533642X
- Paoletti, R.; Notario, A.; Ricevuti, G.s., Phagocytes: Biology, Physiology, Pathology, and Pharmacotherapeutics, New York: The New York Academy of Sciences. 1997, ISBN 1573311022
- Robinson, J. P.; Babcock, G. F.s., Phagocyte Function — A guide for research and clinical evaluation, New York: Wiley–Liss. 1998, ISBN 0471123641
- Sompayrac, L., How the Immune System Works. 3rd, Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. 2008, ISBN 9781405162210
外部連結 [编辑]