香菇多糖：修订间差异

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| synonyms = <small>(2''S'',3''R'',4''S'',5''S'',6''R'')-2-[(2''S'',3''R'',4''S'',5''R'',6''R'')-2-[(2''S'',3''R'',4''S'',5''R'',6''R'')-2-[(2''R'',3''R'',4''S'',5''R'',6''S'')-3,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2''R'',3''R'',4''S'',5''R'',6''R'')-2,3,5-trihydroxy-6-<nowiki>[[</nowiki>(2''R'',3''R'',4''S'',5''S'',6''R'')-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-4-yl]oxyoxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-<nowiki>[[</nowiki>(2''R'',3''R'',4''S'',5''S'',6''R'')-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-4-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol</small>
| synonyms = <small>(2''S'',3''R'',4''S'',5''S'',6''R'')-2-[(2''S'',3''R'',4''S'',5''R'',6''R'')-2-[(2''S'',3''R'',4''S'',5''R'',6''R'')-2-[(2''R'',3''R'',4''S'',5''R'',6''S'')-3,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2''R'',3''R'',4''S'',5''R'',6''R'')-2,3,5-trihydroxy-6-<nowiki>[[</nowiki>(2''R'',3''R'',4''S'',5''S'',6''R'')-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-4-yl]oxyoxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-<nowiki>[[</nowiki>(2''R'',3''R'',4''S'',5''S'',6''R'')-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-4-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol</small>
}}
}}
'''香菇多糖<ref>[http://www.term.gov.cn/pages/homepage/result2.jsp?id=333567&subid=10001798&subject=%E7%B3%96%E7%B1%BB&subsys=%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E4%B8%8E%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6]</ref>'''（{{lang-en|Lentinan}}）是从[[香菇]][[子实体]]或[[菌丝]]中分离的一种[[多糖]]，以β-1,3-葡聚糖为主，在6号位碳原子上有支链，有[[免疫]]激活和抗[[肿瘤]]活性。
'''香菇多糖'''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.term.gov.cn/pages/homepage/result2.jsp?id=333567&subid=10001798&subject=%E7%B3%96%E7%B1%BB&subsys=%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E4%B8%8E%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6 |title=? |language=zh-hans }}</ref>（{{lang-en|Lentinan}}）是从[[香菇]][[子实体]]或[[菌丝]]中分离的一种[[多糖]]，以β-1,3-葡聚糖为主，在6号位碳原子上有支链，有[[免疫]]激活和抗[[肿瘤]]活性。

{{Drugbox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 451110455
| IUPAC_name = β-<small>D</small>-glucopyranosyl-(1&rarr;6)-[β-<small>D</small>-glucopyranosyl-(1&rarr;3)-[β-<small>D</small>-glucopyranosyl-(1&rarr;6)]-β-<small>D</small>-glucopyranosyl-(1&rarr;3)-β-<small>D</small>-glucopyranosyl-(1&rarr;3)β-<small>D</small>-glucopyranosyl-(1&rarr;3)]-β-<small>D</small>-glucopyranose
| image = Lentinan.svg
| width = 300px

<!--Clinical data-->
| tradename =
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|international|lentinan}}
| pregnancy_AU = <!-- A / B1 / B2 / B3 / C / D / X -->
| pregnancy_US = <!-- A / B / C / D / X -->
| pregnancy_category =
| legal_AU = <!-- Unscheduled / S2 / S3 / S4 / S5 / S6 / S7 / S8 / S9 -->
| legal_CA = <!-- / Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII -->
| legal_UK = <!-- GSL / P / POM / CD / Class A, B, C -->
| legal_US = <!-- OTC / Rx-only / Schedule I, II, III, IV, V -->
| legal_status =
| routes_of_administration =

<!--Pharmacokinetic data-->
| bioavailability =
| protein_bound =
| metabolism =
| elimination_half-life =
| excretion =

<!--Identifiers-->
| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CAS_number = 37339-90-5
| ATC_prefix = L03
| ATC_suffix = AX01
| PubChem = 37723
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank =
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = D01695
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = NA

<!--Chemical data-->
| C=42 | H=72 | O=36
| molecular_weight = 1152.99948 g/mol
| synonyms = <small>(2''S'',3''R'',4''S'',5''S'',6''R'')-2-[(2''S'',3''R'',4''S'',5''R'',6''R'')-2-[(2''S'',3''R'',4''S'',5''R'',6''R'')-2-[(2''R'',3''R'',4''S'',5''R'',6''S'')-3,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2''R'',3''R'',4''S'',5''R'',6''R'')-2,3,5-trihydroxy-6-<nowiki>[[</nowiki>(2''R'',3''R'',4''S'',5''S'',6''R'')-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-4-yl]oxyoxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-<nowiki>[[</nowiki>(2''R'',3''R'',4''S'',5''S'',6''R'')-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-4-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol</small>
}}

'''Lentinan''' is an intravenous anti-tumor [[polysaccharide]] isolated from the fruit body of [[shiitake]] (''Lentinula edodes''). Lentinan has been approved as an adjuvant for stomach cancer in Japan since 1985.[http://kcl.academia.edu/RichardSullivan/Books/259287/Medicinal_Mushrooms_Their_therapeutic_properties_and_current_medical_usage_with_special_emphasis_on_cancer_treatments] Lentinan is one of the host-mediated anti-cancer drugs which has been shown to affect host defense immune systems.

==Chemistry==
Lentinan is a β-1,3 [[beta-glucan]] with β-1,6 branching. Molecular weight of lentinan is 500,000 Da. Specific rotation +14-22° (NaOH).

==Research==
An ''[[in vitro]]'' experiment showed lentinan stimulated production of white blood cells in the human cell line [[U937 cells|U937]].<ref name="pmid = 10190187 ">{{Cite journal
| author = Sia GM, Candlish JK.
| title = Effects of shiitake (Lentinus edodes) extract on human neutrophils and the U937 monocytic cell line.
| journal = Phytother Res.
| volume = 13
| issue = 2
| pages = 133–7
| publisher =
| location =
|date=Mar 1999
| doi = 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199903)13:2<133::AID-PTR398>3.0.CO;2-O
| pmid = 10190187
| postscript = <!--None-->
}}</ref> A pharmacological blend ([[MC-S]]) of lentinan, [[Polysaccharide-K|PSK]], ''[[Ganoderma lucidum]]'' and ''[[Astragalus propinquus]]'' has also been shown to stimulate white blood cell production ''in vitro''.<ref>{{Cite journal
| author = Clark D, Adams M.
| title = Using commercial nutraceutical mixes as immune stimulants: an in vitro proliferation study using Metabolic Cell-Support on non-stimulated human lymphocytes.
| journal = Austr. J. Med. Herbal.
| volume = 19
| pages = 108–111
| year = 2007
| postscript = <!--None-->
}}</ref>

An ''[[in vivo]]'' experiment on mice, revealed lentinan is orally active (since clinical use of the drug is administered through an IV).<ref name="pmid = 12470439">{{Cite journal
| author = Ng ML, Yap AT.
| title = Inhibition of human colon carcinoma development by lentinan from shiitake mushrooms (Lentinus edodes).
| journal = J Altern Complement Med.
| volume = 8
| issue = 5
| pages = 581–9
| publisher =
| location = National University of Singapore
|date=Oct 2002
| doi = 10.1089/107555302320825093
| pmid = 12470439
| postscript = <!--None-->
}}</ref>

Limited clinical studies of cancer patients have associated lentinan with a higher survival rate, higher quality of life, and lower re-occurrence of cancer.<ref name="pmid = 18670743">{{Cite journal
| author = Yang P, Liang M, Zhang Y, Shen B.
| title = Clinical application of a combination therapy of lentinan, multi-electrode RFA and TACE in HCC.
| journal = Adv Ther.
| volume = 25
| issue = 8
| pages = 787–94
| publisher =
| location =
|date=Aug 2008
| doi = 10.1007/s12325-008-0079-x
| pmid = 18670743
| postscript = <!--None-->
}}</ref><ref name="pmid = 16897983">{{Cite journal
| author = Nimura H, Mitsumori N, Takahashi N,
| title = [S-1 combined with lentinan in patients with unresectable or recurrent gastric cancer]
| journal = Gan to Kagaku Ryoho.
| volume = 33
| issue = 1
| pages = 106–9
| publisher =
| location =
|date=Jun 2006
| doi =
| pmid = 16897983
| issn =
| postscript = <!--None-->
}}</ref><ref name="pmid = 10522061">{{Cite journal
| author = Nakano H, Namatame K, Nemoto H, Motohashi H, Nishiyama K, Kumada K.
| title = A multi-institutional prospective study of lentinan in advanced gastric cancer patients with unresectable and recurrent diseases: effect on prolongation of survival and improvement of quality of life. Kanagawa Lentinan Research Group.
| journal = Hepatogastroenterology.
| volume = 46
| issue = 28
| pages = 2662–8
| publisher =
| location =
| year = 1999
| doi =
| pmid = 10522061
| issn =
| postscript = <!--None-->
}}</ref><ref name="pmid19596954">{{cite journal |author=Oba K, Kobayashi M, Matsui T, Kodera Y, Sakamoto J |title=Individual Patient Based Meta-analysis of Lentinan for Unresectable/Recurrent Gastric Cancer |journal=Anticancer Res. |volume=29 |issue=7 |pages=2739–45 |date=July 2009 |pmid=19596954 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19596936">{{cite journal |author=Hazama S, Watanabe S, Ohashi M, ''et al.'' |title=Efficacy of Orally Administered Superfine Dispersed Lentinan ({beta}-1,3-Glucan) for the Treatment of Advanced Colorectal Cancer |journal=Anticancer Res. |volume=29 |issue=7 |pages=2611–7 |date=July 2009 |month= |pmid=19596936 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19579640">{{cite journal |author=Kataoka H, Shimura T, Mizoshita T, et al. |title=Lentinan with S-1 and paclitaxel for gastric cancer chemotherapy improve patient quality of life |journal=Hepatogastroenterology |volume=56 |issue=90 |pages=547–50 |year=2009 |pmid=19579640 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19579616">{{cite journal |author=Isoda N, Eguchi Y, Nukaya H, et al. |title=Clinical efficacy of superfine dispersed lentinan (beta-1,3-glucan) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma |journal=Hepatogastroenterology |volume=56 |issue=90 |pages=437–41 |year=2009 |pmid=19579616 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19453066">{{cite journal |author=Shimizu K, Watanabe S, Watanabe S, et al. |title=Efficacy of oral administered superfine dispersed lentinan for advanced pancreatic cancer |journal=Hepatogastroenterology |volume=56 |issue=89 |pages=240–4 |year=2009 |pmid=19453066 |doi= |url=}}</ref>

==Formulations containing Lentinan==
Lentinex is a formulation featuring lentinan and is approved as a safe [[novel food]] in the EU.<ref>{{citation |title= Scientific Opinion on the safety of "Lentinus edodes extract" (Lentinex®) as a Novel Food ingredient |journal= EFSA Journal |year= 2010 |issue= 8 |volume= 7 |page= 1685 |doi= 10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1685
|author= EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA). European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Parma, Italy |url= http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsajournal/doc/1685.pdf }}</ref>

==參看==
*[[藥用蘑菇]]

==注釋==
{{Reflist}}

==参考文献==
==参考文献==
* Chihara, G. et al. ”Fractionation and purification of the polysaccharides with marked antitumor activity, especially lentinan, from Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing. (an edible mushroom)”, [http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/30/11/2776.long Cancer Research (1970),30(11):2776-2781.]
{{reflist}}
* Ina, K. et al. “Lentinan prolonged survival in patients with gastric cancer receiving S-1-based chemotherapy”, [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3191325/pdf/WJCO-2-339.pdf World Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011),2(10):339-343.]

== External links ==
* [http://www.drugs.com/npp/lentinan.html Lentinan] effects (antitumor and others)
*Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center's page for [http://www.mskcc.org/mskcc/html/69279.cfm Lentinan].
* [http://www.alohamedicinals.com/shiitake.pdf About Shiitake] (by Solomon P. Wasser, 2005)
*Smith JE, Rowan NJ, Sullivan R [http://kcl.academia.edu/RichardSullivan/Books/259287/Medicinal_Mushrooms_Their_therapeutic_properties_and_current_medical_usage_with_special_emphasis_on_cancer_treatments ''Medicinal Mushrooms: Their Therapeutic Properties and Current Medical Usage with Special Emphasis on Cancer Treatments''] [[Cancer Research UK]], 2001

==外部链接==
==外部链接==
* [http://www.drugs.com/npp/lentinan.html Lentinan] effects (antitumor and others)
* [http://www.drugs.com/npp/lentinan.html Lentinan] effects (antitumor and others)

2015年2月2日 (一) 12:05的版本

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香菇多糖
臨床資料
其他名稱(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2,3,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-4-yl]oxyoxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-4-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
AHFS/Drugs.com国际药品名称
ATC碼
识别信息
  • β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranose
CAS号37339-90-5
PubChem CID
KEGG
CompTox Dashboard（英语：CompTox Chemicals Dashboard） (EPA)
化学信息
化学式C42H72O36
摩尔质量1152.99948 g/mol

香菇多糖[1]（英語：Lentinan）是从香菇子实体或菌丝中分离的一种多糖，以β-1,3-葡聚糖为主，在6号位碳原子上有支链，有免疫激活和抗肿瘤活性。

香菇多糖
臨床資料
其他名稱(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2,3,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-4-yl]oxyoxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-4-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
AHFS/Drugs.com国际药品名称
ATC碼
识别信息
  • β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranose
CAS号37339-90-5  checkY
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
KEGG
CompTox Dashboard（英语：CompTox Chemicals Dashboard） (EPA)
化学信息
化学式C42H72O36
摩尔质量1152.99948 g/mol

Lentinan is an intravenous anti-tumor polysaccharide isolated from the fruit body of shiitake (Lentinula edodes). Lentinan has been approved as an adjuvant for stomach cancer in Japan since 1985.[1] Lentinan is one of the host-mediated anti-cancer drugs which has been shown to affect host defense immune systems.

Chemistry

Lentinan is a β-1,3 beta-glucan with β-1,6 branching. Molecular weight of lentinan is 500,000 Da. Specific rotation +14-22° (NaOH).

Research

An in vitro experiment showed lentinan stimulated production of white blood cells in the human cell line U937.[2] A pharmacological blend (MC-S) of lentinan, PSK, Ganoderma lucidum and Astragalus propinquus has also been shown to stimulate white blood cell production in vitro.[3]

An in vivo experiment on mice, revealed lentinan is orally active (since clinical use of the drug is administered through an IV).[4]

Limited clinical studies of cancer patients have associated lentinan with a higher survival rate, higher quality of life, and lower re-occurrence of cancer.[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]

Formulations containing Lentinan

Lentinex is a formulation featuring lentinan and is approved as a safe novel food in the EU.[13]

參看

注釋

  1. ^ ? （中文（简体））. 
  2. ^ Sia GM, Candlish JK. Effects of shiitake (Lentinus edodes) extract on human neutrophils and the U937 monocytic cell line.. Phytother Res. Mar 1999, 13 (2): 133–7. PMID 10190187. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199903)13:2<133::AID-PTR398>3.0.CO;2-O. 
  3. ^ Clark D, Adams M. Using commercial nutraceutical mixes as immune stimulants: an in vitro proliferation study using Metabolic Cell-Support on non-stimulated human lymphocytes.. Austr. J. Med. Herbal. 2007, 19: 108–111. 
  4. ^ Ng ML, Yap AT. Inhibition of human colon carcinoma development by lentinan from shiitake mushrooms (Lentinus edodes).. J Altern Complement Med. (National University of Singapore). Oct 2002, 8 (5): 581–9. PMID 12470439. doi:10.1089/107555302320825093. 
  5. ^ Yang P, Liang M, Zhang Y, Shen B. Clinical application of a combination therapy of lentinan, multi-electrode RFA and TACE in HCC.. Adv Ther. Aug 2008, 25 (8): 787–94. PMID 18670743. doi:10.1007/s12325-008-0079-x. 
  6. ^ Nimura H, Mitsumori N, Takahashi N,. [S-1 combined with lentinan in patients with unresectable or recurrent gastric cancer]. Gan to Kagaku Ryoho. Jun 2006, 33 (1): 106–9. PMID 16897983. 
  7. ^ Nakano H, Namatame K, Nemoto H, Motohashi H, Nishiyama K, Kumada K. A multi-institutional prospective study of lentinan in advanced gastric cancer patients with unresectable and recurrent diseases: effect on prolongation of survival and improvement of quality of life. Kanagawa Lentinan Research Group.. Hepatogastroenterology. 1999, 46 (28): 2662–8. PMID 10522061. 
  8. ^ Oba K, Kobayashi M, Matsui T, Kodera Y, Sakamoto J. Individual Patient Based Meta-analysis of Lentinan for Unresectable/Recurrent Gastric Cancer. Anticancer Res. July 2009, 29 (7): 2739–45. PMID 19596954. 
  9. ^ Hazama S, Watanabe S, Ohashi M; et al. Efficacy of Orally Administered Superfine Dispersed Lentinan ({beta1,3-Glucan) for the Treatment of Advanced Colorectal Cancer}-. Anticancer Res. July 2009, 29 (7): 2611–7. PMID 19596936. 
  10. ^ Kataoka H, Shimura T, Mizoshita T; et al. Lentinan with S-1 and paclitaxel for gastric cancer chemotherapy improve patient quality of life. Hepatogastroenterology. 2009, 56 (90): 547–50. PMID 19579640. 
  11. ^ Isoda N, Eguchi Y, Nukaya H; et al. Clinical efficacy of superfine dispersed lentinan (beta-1,3-glucan) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatogastroenterology. 2009, 56 (90): 437–41. PMID 19579616. 
  12. ^ Shimizu K, Watanabe S, Watanabe S; et al. Efficacy of oral administered superfine dispersed lentinan for advanced pancreatic cancer. Hepatogastroenterology. 2009, 56 (89): 240–4. PMID 19453066. 
  13. ^ EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA). European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Parma, Italy, Scientific Opinion on the safety of "Lentinus edodes extract" (Lentinex®) as a Novel Food ingredient (PDF), EFSA Journal, 2010, 7 (8): 1685, doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1685 

参考文献

External links

外部链接

Template:免疫兴奋药

取自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=香菇多糖&oldid=34182557”