塞法迪猶太人
跳至導覽
跳至搜尋
塞法迪猶太人 יהדות ספרד(Yahadut Sfarad) | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||||||||||||
總人口 | ||||||||||||||||
2,200,000 占全球15%的猶太人口 | ||||||||||||||||
分布地區 | ||||||||||||||||
![]() | 1,400,000 | |||||||||||||||
![]() | 300,000–400,000 | |||||||||||||||
![]() | 200,000–300,000 | |||||||||||||||
![]() | 50,000 | |||||||||||||||
![]() | 26,000 | |||||||||||||||
![]() | 22,000 | |||||||||||||||
![]() | 15,000 | |||||||||||||||
![]() | 8,000 | |||||||||||||||
![]() | 8,000 | |||||||||||||||
![]() | 7,000 | |||||||||||||||
![]() | 6,000 | |||||||||||||||
![]() | 6,000 | |||||||||||||||
![]() | 2,000 | |||||||||||||||
![]() | 2,000 | |||||||||||||||
語言 | ||||||||||||||||
歷史:拉迪諾語、阿拉伯語、哈克蒂亞語、猶太-葡萄牙語、柏柏爾語、加泰隆尼亞語、舒亞迪語及其他地方語言 現代:當地語言,包括希伯來語、法語、英語、西班牙語、土耳其語、葡萄牙語、義大利語、拉迪諾語、阿拉伯語 | ||||||||||||||||
宗教信仰 | ||||||||||||||||
猶太教 | ||||||||||||||||
相關民族 | ||||||||||||||||
阿什肯納茲猶太人、米茲拉希猶太人、其他猶太民族、撒馬利亞人、其他黎凡特民族、亞述人、其他近東閃米特民族、西班牙人、葡萄牙人和其他拉丁裔 |
塞法迪猶太人(西班牙語:Sefardí;希伯來語:סְפָרַדִּי,提比里安注音法:Səp̄āraddî),指在十五世紀被驅逐前那些祖籍伊比利半島,遵守西班牙裔猶太人生活習慣的猶太人,是猶太教正統派的一支,佔猶太人總數大約20%。由於長期生活在伊比利半島上,生活習慣與其他分支頗為不同。說拉迪諾語。塞法迪一詞意思為「西班牙的」、塞法迪是猶太人稱呼伊比利半島的名字。
在15世紀90年代,隨著西班牙人將穆斯林政權趕回非洲,塞法迪猶太人亦被逐出西班牙(1492年)及葡萄牙(1497年)。多居於南歐、中東、拉丁美洲等地。
1949年以色列獨立戰爭後,將近850,000名塞法迪猶太人從阿拉伯國家逃離或驅逐,其中約有600,000人遷移至以色列,其他的人則移民至歐洲和美國。
法國猶太人中,塞法迪猶太人占大多數。
參考[編輯]
參考文獻[編輯]
- Ashtor, Eliyahu, The Jews of Moslem Spain, Vol. 2, Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America (1979)
- Assis, Yom Tov, The Jews of Spain: From Settlement to Expulsion, Jerusalem: Hebrew University of Jerusalem|The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (1988)
- Baer, Yitzhak. A History of the Jews of Christian Spain. 2 vols. Jewish Publication Society of America (1966).
- Bowers, W. P. "Jewish Communities in Spain in the Time of Paul the Apostle" in Journal of Theological Studies Vol. 26 Part 2, October 1975, pp. 395–402
- Dan, Joseph, "The Epic of a Millennium: Judeo-Spanish Culture's Confrontation" in Judaism Vol. 41, No. 2, Spring 1992
- Gampel, Benjamin R., "Jews, Christians, and Muslims in Medieval Iberia: Convivencia through the Eyes of Sephardic Jews," in Convivencia: Jews, Muslims, and Christians in Medieval Spain, ed. Vivian B. Mann, Thomas F. Glick, and Jerrilynn D. Dodds, New York: George Braziller, Inc. (1992)
- Kaplan, Yosef, An Alternative Path to Modernity: The Sephardi Diaspora in Western Europe. Brill Publishers (2000). ISBN 90-04-11742-3
- Katz, Solomon, Monographs of the Mediaeval Academy of America No. 12: The Jews in the Visigothic and Frankish Kingdoms of Spain and Gaul, Cambridge, Massachusetts: The Mediaeval Society of America (1937)
- Kedourie, Elie, editor. Spain and the Jews: The Sephardi Experience 1492 and After. Thames & Hudson (1992).
- Raphael, Chaim, The Sephardi Story: A Celebration of Jewish History London: Valentine Mitchell & Co. Ltd. (1991)
- Sarna, Nahum M., "Hebrew and Bible Studies in Medieval Spain" in Sephardi Heritage, Vol. 1 ed. R. D. Barnett, New York: Ktav Publishing House, Inc. (1971)
- Sassoon, Solomon David, "The Spiritual Heritage of the Sephardim," in The Sephardi Heritage, Vol. 1 ed. R. D. Barnett, New York: Ktav Publishing House Inc. (1971)
- Stein, Gloria Sananes, Marguerite: Journey of a Sephardic Woman, Morgantown, PA : Masthof Press, 1997.
- Stillman, Norman, "Aspects of Jewish Life in Islamic Spain" in Aspects of Jewish Culture in the Middle Ages ed. Paul E. Szarmach, Albany: State University of New York Press (1979)
- Swetschinski, Daniel. Reluctant Cosmopolitans: The Portuguese Jews of Seventeenth-Century Amsterdam. Litmann Library of Jewish Civilization, (2000)
- Zolitor, Jeff, "The Jews of Sepharad" Philadelphia: Congress of Secular Jewish Organizations (CSJO) (1997) ("The Jews of Sepharad" reprinted with permission on CSJO website.)
外部連結[編輯]
Genealogy:
- Sefardies.org Sephardic Genealogy and official web in Spain
- Sephardic Genealogy
- Multiple searchable databases for Sephardic genealogy
- Consolidated Index of Sephardic Surnames
- Extensive bibliography for Sephardim and Sephardic Genealogy
|