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用户:ItMarki/Wikipedia:维基百科有最终期限

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维基百科,自由的百科全书
消亡的亚历山大图书馆不是古代唯一一所遭到摧毁的图书馆。它很久以前就失传了,那时还没有维基文库可以保存内容。

几乎每天,各种形式的知识会永远遗失,而且没有副本可用。某个地区一旦发生自然灾害或爆发战争时,图书馆档案馆博物馆纪念建筑物以及其他文物、有价值建筑物、摇篮本和独特物品都遭到摧毁或面临这些威胁。这些事件通常会消除部分人类知识,甚至消灭整个文化。

历史事例

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维基百科推出之前,有很多知识已经永久遗失。以下列出一些例子。[1]

20世纪之前

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伯明翰中央图书馆火灾后,1879年

20世纪

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现代事例

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可惜,维基百科于2001年面世后,世界上依然有知识遭到破坏。以下列出几个例子。

2000年代

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安娜·阿玛利亚公爵夫人图书馆火灾后的伤情

2010年代

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Loon Church, Philippines, before and after the 2013 Bohol earthquake

2020s

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Future threats

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The current coverage of Wikimedia Commons is imbalanced (5.2M geolocated images in the map). We must preserve the current world to the future generations. Imagine a project like Geograph Britain and Ireland[44] but globally.

Today, many of the world's languages are endangered or nearly extinct.[45][46] In some cases where parents have stopped teaching an endangered language to their children, the language is understood by only a few elderly speakers. The Rosetta Project is a global collaboration of language specialists and native speakers working to build a publicly accessible digital library of material on the nearly 7,000 known human languages.[47]

Furthermore, hundreds of websites are closed every day on the Internet; the average life of a web page is only 77 days.[48] Those websites work in many cases as references. Projects like the Internet Archive or WebCitation and volunteer groups like Archive Team[49] save copies of some of them, but many others are lost forever. This issue may affect Wikimedia projects too, and mirrors are needed to assure long-term preservation of the data.

Wikipedia and its sister projects can—and must—save all these forms of knowledge, through creating articles, uploading images and recordings to Wikimedia Commons, preserving languages in Wiktionary and transcribing books into Wikisource. Events like Wiki Loves Monuments may help to immortalize monuments around the world before they are damaged or destroyed.[50]

There is a deadline. This is a battle against time.

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See also

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El Vaporcito, a famous ship in Andalusia and Property of Cultural Interest in Spain, sunk in 2011.
A small white ferry carrying passengers in the mouth of the Guadalete river
In 2007...
The same ferry, as a dilapidated shell, sitting on a boatramp
...and in 2017.

Articles

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Documentaries

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  • Biblioteca en guerra (2009, Blanca Calvo & Ramón Salaberria)
  • Cicatrices de Sarajevo (2012, Miguel Ángel Viñas)
  • Digital Amnesia (2014, Bregtje van der Haak)
  • Digital dark age: help, we're disappearing! (2004, Jörg Daniel Hissen & Peter Moers)
  • Internet Archive (2012, Jonathan Minard)
  • Las cajas españolas (2004, Alberto Porlan)
  • Lost Forever (2011, Paul Mariano & Kurt Norton)
  • Metrópolis refundada (2010, Evangelina Loguercio)
  • Rescatando sombras. Cine, muerte y memoria (2012, Franco Lorenzana)
  • The Destruction of Memory (2016, Tim Slade)
  • The End of Memory? (2015, Vincent Amouroux)
  • The House of History (1996, Quadir Taheri)

Essays

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Projects

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References

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Lost Memory — Libraries and Archives Destroyed in the Twentieth Century (WebCite存档,存档日期August 12, 2012,)
  2. ^ Grima, Noel. Notarial Archives discovery: Documents from Gozo dating to 1431 saved from the bin. The Malta Independent. 23 May 2015. (原始内容存档于11 August 2015). 
  3. ^ Notes on the history of Birmingham Public Libraries (1861-1961), Birmingham, 1962 
  4. ^ (西班牙语) El martirio de los libros: una aproximación a la destrucción bibliográfica durante la Guerra Civil (WebCite存档,存档日期September 27, 2011,)
  5. ^ US Census Bureau, Census History Staff. Availability of 1890 Census - History - U.S. Census Bureau. Census.gov. [2017-10-24]. 
  6. ^ "$45,000 Fire Drives Families From Homes in Little Ferry", Bergen Evening Record, July 9, 1937, p. 1. Quoted by Richard Koszarski in Fort Lee: The Film Town, Indiana University Press, 2005, pp. 339–341. ISBN 978-0-86196-652-3.
  7. ^ Library Reports on America's Endangered Silent-Film Heritage. News from the Library of Congress (新闻稿). Library of Congress. December 4, 2013 [March 7, 2014]. ISSN 0731-3527. 
  8. ^ It Has Been Done Before! Reconstituting War-Ravaged Libraries (WebCite存档,存档日期September 27, 2011,)
  9. ^ YouTube上的Carlos Aguirre: El incendio de la Biblioteca Nacional del Perú de 1943
  10. ^ Tibetan monks: A controlled life (WebCite存档,存档日期September 22, 2011,)
  11. ^ Erasing the Past: The Destruction of Libraries and Archives in Bosnia-Herzegovina (WebCite存档,存档日期August 30, 2011,)
  12. ^ Original moon walk footage erased
  13. ^ Not-Unsolved Mysteries: The “Lost” Apollo 11 Tapes
  14. ^ Remembering The Jaffna Public Library Destroyed By Sinhalese Extremists. Swarajya. June 1, 2016. 
  15. ^ The Central University Library of Bucharest, official site: "the History".
  16. ^ Photos of the Iraq National Library 2003–08. [2012-07-05]. (原始内容存档于2010-04-27). 
  17. ^ (德语) Hilfe für Anna Amalia (WebCite存档,存档日期September 22, 2011,)
  18. ^ Archive Collapse Disaster for Historians - Spiegel Online International (WebCite存档,存档日期September 22, 2011,)
  19. ^ Shechmeister, Matthew. Ghost Pages: A Wired.com Farewell to GeoCities. Wired.com. 2009-11-03 [2012-02-20]. 
  20. ^ Haiti Cultural Recovery Project (互联网档案馆存档,存档日期index.)
  21. ^ Breaking: Images of Egyptian Museum Damage -UPDATE 34- King Tut Objects Damaged? (WebCite存档,存档日期September 22, 2011,)
  22. ^ Amid army crackdown, Egypt’s richest library set on fire (WebCite存档,存档日期December 17, 2011,)
  23. ^ Un incendio durante los disturbios de El Cairo destruye el original de la 'Descripción de Egipto' encargada por Napoleón (WebCite存档,存档日期December 19, 2011,)
  24. ^ Timbuktu's Sidi Yahia mosque 'attacked by Mali militants' (WebCite存档,存档日期July 6, 2012,)
  25. ^ Islamists vow to smash every mausoleum in Timbuktu (WebCite存档,存档日期July 6, 2012,)
  26. ^ Towering inferno engulfs Mumbai’s seat of power (WebCite存档,存档日期July 6, 2012,)
  27. ^ Mumbai government building engulfed in fire (WebCite存档,存档日期July 6, 2012,)
  28. ^ Damage to the soul: Syria's cultural heritage in conflict (WebCite存档,存档日期August 12, 2012,)
  29. ^ Pia Ranada. Heartbreaking: 10 iconic churches in Bohol, Cebu damaged. Rappler. October 15, 2013 [October 15, 2013]. 
  30. ^ Un rayo destruye un emblemático santuario en Muxía. El Mundo. 2013-12-25 [2013-12-25]. (原始内容存档于2013-12-25). 
  31. ^ Lebanon Loses 78000 Books To Terrorism: Tripoli’s “Al Sa’eh” Library Burned. (原始内容存档于2014-01-05). 
  32. ^ ISIS thugs take a hammer to civilisation: Priceless 3,000-year-old artworks smashed to pieces in minutes as militants destroy Mosul museum. Daily Mail. [26 February 2015]. 
  33. ^ Nepal landmarks flattened by the quake. [April 25, 2015]. 
  34. ^ Vidhi Doshi. Fire guts Delhi's natural history museum. The Guardian. 2016-04-26 [2016-04-26]. 
  35. ^ La Repubblica, Terremoto nel centro Italia, i danni al patrimonio artistico
  36. ^ Brazil's 200-year-old national museum hit by huge fire. 2018-09-03 [2018-09-03]. 
  37. ^ Los meteoritos sobreviven al incendio que ha devastado siglos de historia en Río de Janeiro. 
  38. ^ McCulloch, Gretchen. Linguistics Division. All Things Linguistic. [23 April 2020]. 
  39. ^ Tiffany, Kaitlyn. Myspace, which still exists, accidentally deleted 12 years’ worth of music. Vox. March 18, 2019 [19 June 2019]. 
  40. ^ Katz, Brigit. Fire at Museum of Chinese in America Caused Less Damage Than Initially Feared. Smithsonian Magazine. [2020-02-01]. 
  41. ^ Wroughton, Lesley. South Africa wildfire that burned University of Cape Town, library of African antiquities is under control. Washington Post. [20 April 2021]. 
  42. ^ Incêndio atinge unidade da Cinemateca Brasileira na Zona Oeste de SP. 2021-07-29 [2021-07-29] (巴西葡萄牙语). 
  43. ^ História da TV e do cinema queima junto com o quinto incêndio da Cinemateca. 2021-07-29 [2021-07-29] (巴西葡萄牙语). 
  44. ^ The Geograph Britain and Ireland project (WebCite存档,存档日期July 6, 2012,)
  45. ^ The Endangered Languages Project. EndangeredLanguages.com. [2019-01-16]. 
  46. ^ Endangered Languages - Ethnologue. Ethnologue.com. [2019-01-16]. 
  47. ^ The Rosetta Project items from The Long Now Foundation
  48. ^ Internet Archive Frequently Asked Questions (WebCite存档,存档日期October 3, 2011,)
  49. ^ Archive Team website (WebCite存档,存档日期October 3, 2011,)
  50. ^ Wiki Loves Monuments 2011 - European website (WebCite存档,存档日期October 2, 2011,)

Further reading

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[[Category:Wikipedia essays about building the encyclopedia]]