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2017年5月9日,乌克兰第聂伯罗战胜纳粹主义胜利日庆祝活动发生一宗打斗事件。当日上午,曾参与顿巴斯战争的退伍军人要求活动中的反对派支持者取下带有苏联含意的党旗、以及因去共化在乌克兰违法的乔治丝带,随后便爆发冲突。目击者表示警察在打斗中使用催泪瓦斯、烟雾弹和警棍攻击。这一事件导致8名活动参与者和6名维安警察共14人受伤,乌克兰警方因此事件拘留250人。第聂伯罗彼得罗夫斯克州警察局局长、第聂伯罗警察局局长及其副手在事件过后遭到解职。1名蒂图什基由于涉嫌殴打最高拉达议员,被判监禁3个月,其他则无罪释放。

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强烈热带风暴林茵1981年太平洋台风季其中一个热带气旋,于7月3日形成,7月7日消散。菲律宾报告共有8人死、27人失踪。另外广东省佛山市广西壮族自治区受大潮及大雨影响,灾情较为严重,部分海堤和水库受到损坏,总计约75人罹难。

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历史上的今天

历史上的今天存档,按月份导航:

5月1日[编辑]

5月1日国际劳动节五朔节

1851年
英国伦敦海德公园举办万国工业博览会开幕典礼,此为第一届世界博览会
1886年
美国芝加哥的工人发起争取八小时工作制的大规模罢工,其后引发干草市场事件
1931年
位于美国纽约曼哈顿帝国大厦(图)正式落成启用,成为当时世界上最高的摩天大楼。
1994年
曾获得三次世界冠军的巴西一级方程式赛车车手艾尔顿·塞纳圣马利诺大奖赛撞上护墙逝世。

5月2日[编辑]

5月3日[编辑]

5月3日世界新闻自由日日本宪法纪念日1947年

1494年
西班牙航海家克里斯托弗·哥伦布在其第二次前往美洲的航程中,发现牙买加地区。
1791年
波兰立陶宛联邦四年议会正式通过《五三宪法》,这也是欧洲第一部法典化的宪法。
1808年
芬兰战争期间,驻守芬兰城堡(图)瑞典帝国军队向发动攻势的俄罗斯帝国军队投降。
1947年
同盟国军事占领日本时期制定的《日本国宪法》正式生效,确立议会制度和天皇职责。
1968年
法国首都巴黎的警察包围并逮捕聚集在索邦神学院的示威学生,五月风暴爆发。

5月4日[编辑]

5月4日星球大战日中华民国五四文艺节中华人民共和国五四青年节日本绿之日

1493年
教宗亚历山大六世发布确定葡萄牙和西班牙势力范围诏书,在大西洋中部划出殖民界线
1919年
中国北京市学生在天安门广场集会游行以抗议巴黎和会与《二十一条》,五四运动爆发。
1949年
义大利都灵足球俱乐部球员在从葡萄牙返回都灵的途中遭遇空难,造成机上31人死亡。
1974年
日本女子登山队抵达喜马拉雅山脉中段的马纳斯卢峰峰顶,成为首批登上8,000米以上山峰的女性。
1979年
在英国保守党大选击败工党胜出后,撒切尔夫人(图)接替詹姆斯·卡拉汉成为首位女性首相

5月5日[编辑]

5月5日圣乔治节巴勒斯坦人)、日本儿童之日墨西哥五月五日节

1672年
蒂雷纳子爵指挥的法军主力部队开始入侵荷兰,宣告荷兰黄金时代的结束。
1789年
法国巴黎凡尔赛宫召开法国三级会议讨论财政危机的应对,最终导致法国大革命的爆发。
1936年
义大利军队成功攻占衣索比亚首都阿迪斯阿贝巴第二次义大利衣索比亚战争结束。
1949年
英国、法国等10个欧洲国家在伦敦签订《欧洲委员会法规》,成立欧洲统合机构欧洲委员会
1961年
美国太空人艾伦·谢泼德搭乘水星-红石3号进入亚轨道飞行,成为第二位进入外太空的太空人。

5月6日[编辑]

5月6日保加利亚圣乔治节

1682年
法国国王路易十四将原先的宫廷与政府从巴黎卢浮宫迁往西南郊区凡尔赛凡尔赛宫
1840年
英国正式启用票面印有维多利亚女王头像的黑便士邮票,成为世界上首枚邮票
1937年
德国兴登堡号飞艇在美国新泽西州海军航空站准备降落时起火焚毁 (图),造成36人死亡。
1994年
在历经长达6年的兴建后,横穿英吉利海峡、连接英国和法国的英法海底隧道正式通车。

5月7日[编辑]

5月7日

558年
位于君士坦丁堡阿亚索菲亚主圆顶彻底倒塌,拜占庭皇帝查士丁尼一世下令修复。
1824年
德国作曲家路德维希·范·贝多芬创作的作品《第9号交响曲》在维也纳剧院首次演出。
1915年
英国卢西塔尼亚号邮轮在爱尔兰外海遭到德国U-20号潜舰击沉,造成1,198人死亡。
1954年
越南独立同盟会领导的越南人民军攻下法国军队驻守的奠边府市奠边府战役结束。

5月8日[编辑]

5月8日世界红十字和红新月日第二次世界大战欧战胜利纪念日美国、西欧各国)、战胜纳粹主义纪念日乌克兰

1429年
圣女贞德率领法国军队击败(图)正在包围奥尔良的英国军队,为百年战争重大转折点。
1794年
法国大革命期间,化学家安托万·拉瓦锡因其税务官的职务而被送上断头台处死
1902年
法国海外属地马提尼克培雷火山喷发并摧毁附近小镇圣皮埃尔,造成约3万人死亡。
1984年
苏联、东德、波兰等社会主义国家宣布不参加在美国洛杉矶举行的夏季奥林匹克运动会

5月9日[编辑]

5月10日[编辑]

5月10日母亲节墨西哥萨尔瓦多瓜地马拉)、密克罗尼西亚联邦宪法日1979年

1857年
印度密拉特的孟加拉部队为了反抗不列颠东印度公司统治而发起暴动,印度民族起义爆发。
1871年
法国普鲁士代表签订割让亚尔萨斯洛林的《法兰克福条约》,普法战争(图)结束。
1940年
纳粹德国军队派遣装甲部队绕过马奇诺防线展开闪电战,突袭低地国家法国北部。
1994年
非洲人国民大会领导人纳尔逊·曼德拉先前大选胜出后,宣誓就任南非首位黑人总统

5月11日[编辑]

5月11日

1745年
法国元帅萨克斯率领法军在丰特努瓦战役取胜,取得低地战场的掌控权。
1812年
英国商人约翰·贝林罕下议院击毙首相斯宾塞·珀西瓦尔(图),为唯一一位遭暗杀身亡的英国首相

5月12日[编辑]

5月12日母亲节国际护士节中华人民共和国防灾减灾日

1551年
神圣罗马帝国皇帝查理五世在秘鲁利马成立圣马尔科斯大学,为美洲最古老的大学。
1874年
日本借口八瑶湾事件出兵攻打台湾南部原住民部落,为日本明治维新后首次对外用兵。
1940年
法德双方在阿尼爆发激烈战斗,此战是当时战争史上最大规模的坦克会战。
1949年
苏联宣布解除对英国、美国、法国三国占领之西柏林的封锁,柏林封锁结束。
2008年
中国四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州汶川县发生MW 8.3级强烈地震(图),造成超过6.9万人死亡。

5月13日[编辑]

5月13日

1497年
教宗亚历山大六世宣布佛罗伦萨世俗领袖吉罗拉莫·萨佛纳罗拉为异端,并实施绝罚
1888年
巴西帝国皇储伊莎贝尔签署法令废除奴隶制度,也是最后一个废除奴隶制度的西方国家。
1981年
教宗若望保禄二世(图)梵蒂冈圣伯多禄广场遭遇土耳其枪手莫梅特·阿里·阿加刺杀而重伤。
2005年
乌兹别克军队在东部城市安集延向示威群众开枪镇压,造成至少187人死亡。

5月14日[编辑]

5月14日马提亚庆节天主教会

1607年
英国探险队在北美洲东岸弗吉尼亚建设城镇詹姆士敦,是英国美洲殖民地首个定居点。
1796年
英国医师爱德华·詹纳(图)首次将牛痘接种在一名男童身上,证实牛痘可使人类对天花免疫。
1939年
秘鲁女童琳娜·梅迪纳于5岁7个月又21天时产下一名男婴,成为医学史上最年幼的母亲。
1955年
苏联、波兰等8个东方集团国家成立华沙条约组织,用来对抗北大西洋公约组织

5月15日[编辑]

5月15日国际家庭日巴拉圭独立日1814年)、巴勒斯坦社区灾难日1948年)、台湾儿童安全日1992年

1252年
教宗依诺增爵四世发布教宗诏书,批准宗教裁判所得以针对异端嫌疑人士审讯用刑。
1811年
巴拉圭宣布脱离西班牙帝国拉普拉塔总督辖区的殖民统治,并开始推动独立工作。
1932年
大日本帝国海军少壮派军官发动政变并暗杀内阁总理大臣犬养毅(图)五一五事件发生。
1948年
阿拉伯国家联合进攻甫刚在巴勒斯坦地区发表独立宣言的以色列,第一次中东战争爆发。

5月16日[编辑]

5月16日马来西亚教师节

1877年
法国总统帕特里斯·麦克马洪(图)罢免支持共和制的总理朱尔·西蒙内阁,引发政治危机。
1975年
日本登山家田部井淳子担任女子登山队副队长,成为首位登上珠穆朗玛峰的女性。

5月17日[编辑]

5月17日世界电信和信息社会日国际不再恐惧同性恋、跨性别与双性恋日挪威宪法日1814年

1648年
蒂雷纳子爵指挥的法瑞联军在楚斯马斯豪森战役击败神圣罗马帝国军队,法瑞联军控制南德意志地区。
1792年
美国纽约24名证券经纪人在华尔街签署《梧桐树协议》,建立纽约证券交易所(图)最早雏型。
1809年
法国皇帝拿破仑一世教宗国并入法兰西第一帝国,引发教宗庇护七世对其处以绝罚。

5月18日[编辑]

5月19日[编辑]

5月19日希腊屠杀纪念日越南胡志明诞辰中国旅游日

1536年
英格兰王国国王亨利八世第二任妻子安妮·博林(图)因为通奸罪等罪名,在伦敦塔遭到斩首处死。
1643年
三十年战争期间,法国名将大孔代亲王率领军队在罗克鲁瓦战役中击败西班牙军队。
1649年
英国残缺议会宣布废除君主制和上议院,并在英格兰威尔士正式建立英格兰共和国
1802年
法兰西第一共和国第一执政拿破仑·波拿巴设立法国荣誉军团勋章,表彰有贡献的军人和平民。

5月20日[编辑]

5月20日世界蜜蜂日印尼民族觉醒日1908年)、喀麦隆国庆日1972年)、柬埔寨国家追悼日1976年)、东帝汶独立日2002年

1498年
葡萄牙探险家瓦斯科·达伽马抵达莫卧儿帝国科泽科德(图),开辟直接与远东展开贸易的航道。
1570年
亚伯拉罕·奥特柳斯编纂的《寰宇全图》正式发行,被认为是史上第一部现代地图集
1862年
美国总统亚伯拉罕·林肯正式签署《宅地法》生效,西部垦殖者可以获得160英亩土地。
1983年
法国病毒学吕克·蒙塔尼耶的团队发现人类免疫缺陷病毒,但仍未知悉其与艾滋病的关联。

5月21日[编辑]

5月21日世界文化多样性促进对话和发展日

1904年
国际足球体育管理机构国际足球联合会在法国巴黎成立,由罗伯特·格林担任首届主席
1927年
美国飞行员查尔斯·林德伯格驾驶座机从纽约飞抵巴黎,完成首次单人不著陆跨大西洋的飞行。
1998年
印度尼西亚总统苏哈托(图)因为黑色五月暴动影响而宣布辞职,结束长达32年的独裁统治。
2006年
黑山共和国举办公民投票,最终决定脱离国家联盟塞尔维亚和黑山独立

5月22日[编辑]

5月22日生物多样性国际日也门国庆日1990年

1960年
智利中部瓦尔迪维亚附近发生MW 9.4至9.6级强烈地震(图),为人类历史上已知规模最大的地震。
1972年
英联邦锡兰自治领通过建立共和国的新宪法,国名更改为斯里兰卡民主社会主义共和国
1980年
日本南梦宫游戏设计师岩谷彻制作的《吃豆人》在东京发行,为1980年代最流行的大型电玩。

5月23日[编辑]

5月23日世界乌龟日维多利亚日加拿大

1618年
波希米亚贵族新教徒将神圣罗马皇帝斐迪南二世的大臣抛出窗外三十年战争爆发。
1945年
英国军队在弗伦斯堡逮捕纳粹德国总统卡尔·邓尼茨(图)等政府官员,弗伦斯堡政府宣告解散
1949年
德国的美国、英国、法国占领区通过《德意志联邦共和国基本法》,德意志联邦共和国成立。
1974年
第一架双引擎宽体飞机空中巴士A300法国航空投入运营。

5月24日[编辑]

5月24日厄立特里亚独立日1993年

1822年
南美洲独立运动领袖安东尼奥·何塞·苏克雷率领的部队在皮钦查战役中击败西班牙军队。
1883年
连接美国纽约曼哈顿布鲁克林布鲁克林大桥(图)正式通车,为当时世界上最长的悬索桥。
1993年
在经历长达30年的厄立特里亚独立战争后,厄立特里亚宣布脱离埃塞俄比亚成为独立国家。

5月25日[编辑]

5月25日国际失踪儿童日非洲日1963年)、毛巾日约旦独立日1948年

1787年
美国邦联议会费城召开修订《邦联条例》的会议,最终转为起草《美国宪法》。
1810年
布宜诺斯艾利斯市民推翻西班牙总督统治并建立首个独立政府,阿根廷独立战争爆发。
1961年
美国总统约翰·甘迺迪国会联席会议上宣布支持太空人登陆月球阿波罗计划
1963年
非洲32个国家代表在衣索比亚阿迪斯阿贝巴签署宪章,非洲统一组织正式成立。

5月26日[编辑]

5月26日格鲁吉亚独立日1918年)、圭亚那独立日1966年)、澳大利亚国家道歉日

451年
波斯萨珊王朝军队在阿瓦拉尔战役(图)击败亚美尼亚基督教军队,为基督教历史首场保卫战役。
1805年
在扶植意大利王国成立后,法兰西皇帝拿破仑一世米兰主教座堂加冕成为意大利国王
1896年
美国记者查尔斯·道汇整纽约证券交易所的12个行业股票,首次公布道琼斯工业平均指数
1966年
英属圭亚那宣布脱离大英帝国殖民统治而成为英联邦王国国家,并改称为圭亚那

5月27日[编辑]

5月27日尼日利亚儿童节玻利维亚母亲节

1644年
中国明朝将领吴三桂决定让多尔衮清朝军队通过山海关,以击败李自成率领的农民军
1703年
俄罗斯帝国沙皇彼得大帝大北方战争期间从瑞典夺回英格利亚后,建立新首都圣彼得堡
1923年
法国车手安德烈·拉加什勒内·伦纳德勒芒举行的首届勒芒24小时耐力赛赢得冠军。
1937年
连接美国加利福尼亚州旧金山马林郡金门大桥(图)正式通车,为当时世界上最长的悬索桥。

5月28日[编辑]

5月29日[编辑]

5月29日联合国维持和平人员国际日美国阵亡将士纪念日

1660年
英国国王查理二世返回伦敦并宣告斯图亚特王朝复辟,英国由短暂的共和制恢复为君主制。
1895年
日本北白川宫能久亲王亲率近卫师团澳底登陆台湾本岛,展开接收台湾的军事行动
1953年
新西兰登山家艾德蒙·希拉里和尼泊尔登山家丹增诺盖成为首批登上珠穆朗玛峰峰顶的团队。

5月30日[编辑]

5月30日美国阵亡将士纪念日波多黎各卢德大屠杀纪念日1972年)、克罗地亚国庆日1990年

1431年
在被博韦教区主教皮埃尔·科雄判处异端后,法国民族英雄圣女贞德(图)鲁昂遭到火刑处决。
1922年
美国总统沃伦·G·哈定主持位于华盛顿哥伦比亚特区林肯纪念堂竣工仪式。
1967年
尼日利亚军官奥杜梅格伍·奥朱古宣布在东南部独立为比亚法拉共和国,引发尼日利亚内战
1972年
日本赤军的三名成员在以色列特拉维夫卢德国际机场发动恐怖袭击,造成26人死亡。

5月31日[编辑]

5月31日世界无烟日圣母访亲天主教会圣公宗

1795年
法国大革命期间,国民公会为了审判政治犯而在巴黎成立的革命法庭(图)遭到撤销。
1961年
英国自治领南非联邦根据《南非宪法》退出英联邦王国南非共和国正式成立。
2002年
韩国和日本主办的国际足联世界杯汉城举办开幕式,为首次两国联合举办的世界杯赛事。


维基百科是甚么

维基百科是甚么?

维基百科标志
维基百科标志

维基百科Wikipedia聆听i/ˌwɪkɪˈpdi.ə/聆听i/ˌwɪkiˈpdi.ə/)是一个自由内容公开编辑多语言网路百科全书协作计画,透过Wiki技术使得包括您在内的所有人都可以简单地使用网页浏览器修改其中的内容。维基百科一字取自于本网站核心技术“Wiki”以及具有百科全书之意的“encyclopedia”共同创造出来的新混成词“Wikipedia”,当前维基百科是由维基媒体基金会负责营运。

维 基百科主要是由网路上志愿者共同合作编写而成,任何使用网际网路进入维基百科者都可以编写和修改里面的文章,但是在一些情况下为了避免扰乱或者破坏可能会 限制编辑功能。我们可以自由选择使用匿名、化名或者直接用真实身份来编辑维基百科。与传统的百科全书相比,在网际网路上运作的维基百科其文字和绝大部分图 片使用GNU自由文件授权条款创用CC 姓名标示-相同方式分享 3.0协议来提供每个人自由且免费的资讯,任何人都可以成为条目的作者,以及在遵守协议并标示来源后直接复制、使用以及发布这些内容。

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维基百科的优良条目

维基百科的优良条目

优良条目是我们认为质量令人满意,但未达特色标准的条目。优良条目满足优良条目标准,并成功通过优良条目评选。简而言之,它们编写得非常有条理,内容真实准确且信息可供查证、覆盖面广泛、观点中立、内容稳定,且在可能情况下,遵守版权地配以切题图像。优良条目无须和特色条目一样全面,但它们不应缺失主题的主要事实:可参看一篇更详细比照优良条目与特色条目标准差异的文章。

目前,维基百科共有1,418,350篇条目,其中3,042篇为优良条目(约每466篇条目中有一篇)。此外,我们还有1,012篇特色条目(约每1,402篇条目中有一篇)和486篇特色列表(约每2,918篇中有一篇)。全部优良和特色内容合计有4,540篇(约每312篇中有一篇)。优良条目页面的右上角会标示圆形十字标记(这个记号标记维基百科优良条目)。如果优良条目已经升级为特色条目或特色列表,应该从下表中移除。

将条目列为优良条目的过程相当简单。如果您认为您发现或贡献的条目满足优良条目标准,您可以在优良条目评选页面提名条目,让公正的评审者评定,以决定条目能否成为优良条目。另外,如您某一优良条目已不满足优良条目标准,您可以通过评选页面提出重选。如果重选无法通过,条目会被除名。如果条目提名失败或被除名,评审者和除名者应当给与解释以及可能的改进建议。

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